Codicological-paleographic and phonetic features of Lavryshiv Gospel

Abstract

The aim of the work is to clarify the attribution of the Lavryszów Gospel of Aprakos (Poland, Kraków National Museum, Czartoryski Museum of Library, collection 2097 IV) and to update the problem of protograph's determining, as well as to present the latest codicological and palaeographic facts. The task is also to single out dialectal, especially phonetics, features and compare them with the famous Ruthenian-Ukrainian aprakos of the 12th-14th centuries. Methodology of the research is based on the use of source, paleographic, codicological and linguistic methods of analysis. Scientific novelty of the work lies in the dating of the monument to a time not earlier than the 14th century. There are five scribes with the boundaries of their handwriting. One of the scribes, other writers' inspirer and teacher was Saint Iieve (in the text - Ieve). It is proved that the protographer with whom the first scriber worked before the verso of 61st sheet is the Galician-Volyn Gospel of the 12th-13th centuries from the collection of the Tretyakov Gallery K 5348 (Russia, Moscow). Protographs that were used by scribes to rewrite other parts of the code are more difficult to establish now. The complex of identified dialectal features connects the studied aprakos with other gospels of the Galician-Volyn written tradition. The analysis of handwriting and artistic decoration allowed to suggest the hypothesis that this book was created as a kind of textbook for mastering novice scribes clerical and porthole skills. Conclusions. The latest data give grounds to attribute the manuscript of the 14th century, and the protographs used in its writing to localize them as Galician-Volyn. The text does not attest to the peculiarities of writing, spelling, phonetics, characteristic of the end of the 13th century. The main protograph is the Gospel of Aprakos of the 12th-13th centuries, which is kept in the Tretyakov Gallery. The complex of revealed dialectal features connects the studied aprakos with other gospels of the 14th century of the Galician-Volyn written tradition; most similarities are attested with the Lutsk Gospel. Further establishment of protographs of the Lavryshiv Gospel is promising for source studies and important for the study of the history of the Ukrainian language.

Keywords

• lavryshiv gospel of the 14th century, manuscript, ukrainian galician-volyn written tradition, protograph, palaeographic and phonetic features, dialect feature.