HIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care (Feb 2021)
Time Until Loss to Follow-Up, Incidence, and Predictors Among Adults Taking ART at Public Hospitals in Southern Ethiopia
Abstract
Samuel Dessu,1 Molalegn Mesele,2 Aklilu Habte,3 Zinabu Dawit4 1Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Southern Ethiopia, Ethiopia; 2Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolaita Soddo University, Wolaita, Southern Ethiopia, Ethiopia; 3Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachamo University, Hossana, Southern Ethiopia, Ethiopia; 4Department of Nursing, Arba Minch Health Science College, Arba Minch, Southern Ethiopia, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Samuel DessuDepartment of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Southern Ethiopia, EthiopiaTel +251 910883594Email [email protected]: According to the World Health Organization, more than seventeen million people were accessing ART in 2015 globally. Adherence to effective ART reduced the risk of transmitting the virus to uninfected persons. The government and other stakeholders’ focus was high to reduce the rate of loss to follow-up in HIV programs among patients who are already on ART follow-up, but its incidence rate increases from time to time.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among the records enrolled from 1 January 2013 to 30 December 2017 at Public hospitals in Southern Ethiopia. Data were entered into Epi info V 7 and exported to STATA V 14 for analysis. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve together with a log rank test was used to estimate the survival time of the ART attending patients. Variables which had p-value < 0.05 in multivariable analysis using the cox proportional hazard model were declared as statistically significant.Results: The incidence rate of loss to follow-up from ART services among adults attending ART was 6.48 (95% CI:5.67,7.29) per 1000 person months. The cumulative survival probability at the end of the 10th, 20th, 40th and 60th follow-up month was 0.89 (95% CI:0.87,0.91), 0.82 (95% CI:0.79,0.85), 0.78 (95% CI:0.75,0.81) and 0.74 (95% CI:0.70,0.77), respectively. Distance > 5 kilometers (AHR:3.71; 95% CI:2.32,5.95), not having registered phone number (AHR:2.52; 95% CI:1.76,3.60), not initiating Isoniazid (AHR:2.15; 95% CI:1.50,3.08), body mass index < 18.50kg/m2 (AHR:1.87; 95% CI: 1.18; 2.97) and not having primary caregiver (AHR: 2.59; 95% CI: 1.84, 3.66) were statistically significant predictors of loss to follow-up.Conclusion: The time until loss to follow-up was high in the first 20 months of the initiation of the ART and it declines after 20 months; longer distance between home and hospital, not having registered phone number, not initiating INH, lower body mass index and not having primary caregiver were the independent predictors of loss to follow-up from ART services.Keywords: loss to follow-up, incidence, survival time, predictor, ART
