Medicina (Dec 2020)

A Co-Induction Technique Utilizing 4% Sevoflurane Followed by 0.75 mg/kg Propofol in Elderly Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Procedures: A Prospective Randomized Control Study

  • Omar A. Ababneh,
  • Aiman M. Suleiman,
  • Isam K. Bsisu,
  • Subhi M. Al-Ghanem,
  • Walid K. Samarah,
  • Khaled R. Al-Zaben,
  • Ibraheem Y. Qudaisat,
  • Lubna A. Khreesha,
  • Ghazi M. Al Edwan,
  • Mujalli M. Murshidi

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56120682
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 56, no. 12
p. 682

Abstract

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Background and Objectives: Elderly patients constitute a large segment of healthcare receivers. Considering the functional deterioration of multiple organ systems with aging, achieving a safe perioperative approach is challenging. Our aim is to study the safety and effectiveness of a genuinely regimented co-induction technique in order to minimize anesthesia-related complications. Materials and Methods: One hundred and five patients were assigned to three groups according to the induction technique: propofol, sevoflurane and co-induction group. Inclusion criteria: patients with age ≥65 and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification (ASA) II-III who underwent endoscopic urological procedures. The propofol group received a dose of 1.5 mg kg−1 of propofol over two minutes for induction. The sevoflurane group received 8% of sevoflurane and 100% oxygen through a plastic facemask with the fresh gas flow set at 8 L min−1. The co-induction group received 4% sevoflurane through plastic facemask for two minutes, followed by a 0.75 mg kg−1 dose of propofol. After ensuring full range jaw relaxation, the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) was inserted. Results: Overall, the co-induction technique had a favorable profile in terms of respiratory adverse events, while the sevoflurane group had a favorable profile in terms of hemodynamic stability. Furthermore, 24 (68.6%) patients receiving inhalational sevoflurane had episodes of transient apnea, which constitutes 77.4% of the 31 episodes of transient apnea in the studied sample (p p = 0.034). Compared with the co-induction group, we found that the propofol group had significantly less systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the second minute, with p values of (0.018) and (0.015), respectively. Conclusions: The co-induction technique utilizing 4% sevoflurane at 8 L min−1 flow of oxygen inhaled over two minutes followed by 0.75 mg kg−1 of propofol achieved less respiratory adverse events compared with the sevoflurane group, and less hemodynamic instability compared with the propofol group.

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