Frontiers in Immunology (Sep 2021)

Cytokine Cocktail Promotes Alveolar Macrophage Reconstitution and Functional Maturation in a Murine Model of Haploidentical Bone Marrow Transplantation

  • Chao Hong,
  • Hongyun Lu,
  • Rong Jin,
  • Xiaohong Huang,
  • Ming Chen,
  • Xiaoqiu Dai,
  • Fangyuan Gong,
  • Hongliang Dong,
  • Hongmin Wang,
  • Xiao-Ming Gao

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.719727
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12

Abstract

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Infectious pneumonia is one of the most common complications after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), which is considered to be associated with poor reconstitution and functional maturation of alveolar macrophages (AMs) post-transplantation. Here, we present evidence showing that lack of IL-13-secreting group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in the lungs may underlay poor AM reconstitution in a mouse model of haploidentical BMT (haplo-BMT). Recombinant murine IL-13 was able to potentiate monocyte-derived AM differentiation in vitro. When intranasally administered, a cocktail of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-13, and CCL2 not only promoted donor monocyte-derived AM reconstitution in haplo-BMT-recipient mice but also enhanced the innate immunity of the recipient animals against pulmonary bacterial infection. These results provide a useful clue for a clinical strategy to prevent pulmonary bacterial infection at the early stage of recipients post-BMT.

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