Matemáticas de la Historia (o de cómo Clío, celosa de Urania, soñaba con ser de mayor una ciencia exacta)

Abstract

Historians have been always fascinated by the mathematical exactitude. Represented by the extremes of positivism and historicism, there are till now two choices: either to apply a pseudo-mathematical and determinist method, or to give up mathematics, accepting uncertainty. However, in the last century mathematics has been affected by a great revolution, due to discoveries such as the GOdel's theorems, chaostheory or fractal geometry. The traditional borderline between "sciences" and "humanities" is being blurred. This article explores the repercussions of these mathematical advances by the history.

Keywords

• matemáticas
• determinismo histórico
• metodología
• teoremas de gödel
• teoría del caos
• efecto-mariposa
• fractales