Endometrial morphology in women of reproductive age with PCOS

Abstract

Background. Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrine disease in women, affecting various aspects of health. The results of several studies indicate an increased prevalence of hyperplasia or endometrial cancer in women with PCOS, but there are no clinical recommendations on the need for assessing the endometrial condition in PCOS and approaches to predictions. Aim: to determine the frequency and structure of endometrial pathology among reproductive-aged patients with PCOS. Materials and methods. In a cross-sectional survey, we examined 1200 women who are subject to annual preventive examination. The research period was May - December 2017. The diagnosis of PCOS was made according to the consensus criteria adopted in May 2003 in Rotterdam. Participants signed informed consent for the survey. Results. We found 102 women with a verified diagnosis of PCOS. 56 of them completed their participation in the study; the median age was 32.19 ± 5.67 years. All patients underwent a biopsy of the endometrium with immunohistochemical examination. Features of the structure of the endometrium: a normal endometrial characteristic in 24 women (42.9 %), chronic endometritis -18 specimens (58.1 %), abnormal hypoplastic endometrium - 6 (19.4 %), simple endometrial hyperplasia -1 (3.2 %) adenocarcinoma -1 (3.2 %), proliferative endometrium with disorders - 7(22.6 %). Conclusions. In the examined women with PCOS there was a high incidence of histologically confirmed endometrial pathology, in the structure of which chronic endometritis predominates. The foregoing necessitates new research and development of clinical protocols for the timely detection of endometrial pathology in PCOS.

Keywords

• polycystic ovary syndrome
• endometrium
• chronic endometritis
• endometrial hyperplasia
• endometrial cancer