From Dimness to Glossiness—Characteristics of the Spring Rapeseed Mutant Form without Glaucous Bloom (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.)
Anna V. Shirokova,
Valentina T. Volovik,
Natalia V. Zagoskina,
Georgiy P. Zaitsev,
Hatima K. Khudyakova,
Larisa M. Korovina,
Oleg N. Krutius,
Tatiana N. Nikolaeva,
Olga B. Simonova,
Andrey A. Alekseev,
Ekaterina N. Baranova
Affiliations
Anna V. Shirokova
Experimental Station Kropotovo, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, 119334 Moscow, Russia
Valentina T. Volovik
Laboratory of Forage Crops and Systems of Field Forage Production, Federal Williams Scientific Center for Forage Production and Agroecology, 141055 Moscow, Russia
Natalia V. Zagoskina
Plant Phenolic Metabolism Group, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia
Georgiy P. Zaitsev
Laboratory for Functional Products of Grape Processing, All-Russian National Research Institute of Grape and Wine “Magarach” RAS, 298600 Yalta, Russia
Hatima K. Khudyakova
Laboratory of Forage Crops and Systems of Field Forage Production, Federal Williams Scientific Center for Forage Production and Agroecology, 141055 Moscow, Russia
Larisa M. Korovina
Laboratory of Forage Crops and Systems of Field Forage Production, Federal Williams Scientific Center for Forage Production and Agroecology, 141055 Moscow, Russia
Oleg N. Krutius
Laboratory for Reactive Oligomers and Polyfunctional light-sensitive Materials, Department of Chemistry of Biopolymers and Composition Materials, Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Tatiana N. Nikolaeva
Plant Phenolic Metabolism Group, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia
Olga B. Simonova
Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Processes of Development, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, 119334 Moscow, Russia
Andrey A. Alekseev
Livestock Technology Department, Yaroslavl Scientific Research Institute of livestock breeding and forage production, Federal Williams Scientific Center for Forage Production and Agroecology, 141055 Moscow, Russia
Ekaterina N. Baranova
Cell Biology Laboratory, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
As a result of the treatment of “Vikros” spring canola with the chemical mutagen ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), a high-protein mutant form without glaucous bloom (wax bloom) on leaves, shoots, and siliques was isolated. Segregation into glossy and glaucous forms was always observed in the progeny of glossy plants from self-pollination, and the proportion of glaucous plants could reach up to 25%. The progeny of glaucous plants were homogeneous and did not segregate. If during the period of seed germination and seedling development the soil did not dry out and remained moist, and the average daily temperature did not exceed 16 °C, then the amount of glossy plants could reach 99%. Glossy plants possessed qualities valuable for breeding forage varieties, such as the increased content of protein in seeds (more than 30%), and change phenol metabolism, чтo прoявляется a reduced amount of lignin and sinapine in comparison with the original cultivar. In addition, plants without wax coating showed weakened shoot growth, decreased pollen fertility and seed production, and reduced lignin content in the shoots. Glossy mutants are of interest for the obtaining of fodder low-sinapine and low-lignin varieties of spring rapeseed.
