Water quality management by enhancing assimilation capacity with flow augmentation: a case study for the Yamuna River, Delhi

Abstract

This paper aims to assess the requirement of load reductions and flow augmentation to enhance the assimilation yield of the Yamuna River, Delhi. The framework QUAL2kw was used to predict river quality. The model was calibrated and confirmed in critical flow conditions of pre-monsoon periods. Three strategies were established for varying pollutant loads. The DO concentration was predicted with changing BOD and COD loads. The 16 outfalling drains were considered pollutant sources between the 22 km stretch of the river. Four cases with 41 scenarios were studied with varying flow augmentation upstream and varying load. It has been observed that with 80 cumecs of upstream flow, the reach can assimilate 31.33 tonnes per day of BOD and 142.85 tonnes per day of COD load, maintaining the desired level of DO (≥4 mg/L) and BOD (≤3 mg/L) throughout the reach. HIGHLIGHTS Managing the river quality by flow augmentation and load reduction.; DO concentration prediction with varying BOD and COD.; The Yamuna River, Delhi, reach can assimilate 31.33 tonnes per day of BOD with 80 cumecs of upstream flow.; This is a novel approach to assessing the self-purification capacity of the Yamuna River in Delhi by varying BOD, COD, and upstream flow with the model QUAL2Kw.;

Keywords

• assimilation capacity
• dissolved oxygen
• qual2kw
• water quality model