Optimization of the Cold Water Extraction Method for High-Value Bioactive Compounds from Chamomile (<i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L.) Flower Heads Through Chemometrics

Martina Foschi; Lorenzo Marsili; Ilaria Luciani; Giulia Gornati; Claudia Scappaticci; Fabrizio Ruggieri; Angelo Antonio D’Archivio; Alessandra Biancolillo

doi:10.3390/molecules29204925

Molecules (Oct 2024)

Optimization of the Cold Water Extraction Method for High-Value Bioactive Compounds from Chamomile (<i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L.) Flower Heads Through Chemometrics

Martina Foschi,
Lorenzo Marsili,
Ilaria Luciani,
Giulia Gornati,
Claudia Scappaticci,
Fabrizio Ruggieri,
Angelo Antonio D’Archivio,
Alessandra Biancolillo

Affiliations

Martina Foschi: Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Lorenzo Marsili: Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Ilaria Luciani: Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Giulia Gornati: Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Claudia Scappaticci: Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Fabrizio Ruggieri: Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Angelo Antonio D’Archivio: Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Alessandra Biancolillo: Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29204925
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 29, no. 20
p. 4925

Abstract

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This study focused on optimizing a cold water extraction method to obtain bioactive compounds from chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), addressing increasing consumer demand for natural products and nutraceuticals. A full-factorial design was employed to evaluate the effects of temperature, time, and chamomile amount on the polyphenolic profile of extracts. The samples were characterized by HPLC-DAD and UV-Vis coupled with chemometrics; the analysis showed that extraction time negatively affected extract quality, as did the interaction between time and temperature. In addition, a significant positive quadratic effect for temperature and a positive coefficient for chamomile amount was found. ASCA was used to assess the UV-Vis profile, offering an alternative untargeted method for understanding the variable effects. The optimal extraction conditions (25 °C, 32 min, and 2.5 g of chamomile) produced samples high in hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids and flavanol derivatives. Using A face-centered design, this study also monitored antioxidant activity via a DPPH scavenging assay, confirming that the optimal conditions yielded samples within the range of maximum antioxidant activity in the studied experimental domain.

Published in Molecules

ISSN: 1420-3049 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Chemistry: Organic chemistry
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules

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