The Astronomical Journal (Jan 2024)
First Very Long Baseline Interferometry Detections at 870 μm
- Alexander W. Raymond,
- Sheperd S. Doeleman,
- Keiichi Asada,
- Lindy Blackburn,
- Geoffrey C. Bower,
- Michael Bremer,
- Dominique Broguiere,
- Ming-Tang Chen,
- Geoffrey B. Crew,
- Sven Dornbusch,
- Vincent L. Fish,
- Roberto García,
- Olivier Gentaz,
- Ciriaco Goddi,
- Chih-Chiang Han,
- Michael H. Hecht,
- Yau-De Huang,
- Michael Janssen,
- Garrett K. Keating,
- Jun Yi Koay,
- Thomas P. Krichbaum,
- Wen-Ping Lo,
- Satoki Matsushita,
- Lynn D. Matthews,
- James M. Moran,
- Timothy J. Norton,
- Nimesh Patel,
- Dominic W. Pesce,
- Venkatessh Ramakrishnan,
- Helge Rottmann,
- Alan L. Roy,
- Salvador Sánchez,
- Remo P. J. Tilanus,
- Michael Titus,
- Pablo Torne,
- Jan Wagner,
- Jonathan Weintroub,
- Maciek Wielgus,
- André Young,
- Kazunori Akiyama,
- Ezequiel Albentosa-Ruíz,
- Antxon Alberdi,
- Walter Alef,
- Juan Carlos Algaba,
- Richard Anantua,
- Rebecca Azulay,
- Uwe Bach,
- Anne-Kathrin Baczko,
- David Ball,
- Mislav Balokovic,
- Bidisha Bandyopadhyay,
- John Barrett,
- Michi Bauböck,
- Bradford A. Benson,
- Dan Bintley,
- Raymond Blundell,
- Katherine L. Bouman,
- Hope Boyce,
- Roger Brissenden,
- Silke Britzen,
- Avery E. Broderick,
- Thomas Bronzwaer,
- Sandra Bustamante,
- John E. Carlstrom,
- Andrew Chael,
- Chi-kwan Chan,
- Dominic O. Chang,
- Koushik Chatterjee,
- Shami Chatterjee,
- Yongjun Chen,
- Xiaopeng Cheng,
- Ilje Cho,
- Pierre Christian,
- Nicholas S. Conroy,
- John E. Conway,
- Thomas M. Crawford,
- Alejandro Cruz-Osorio,
- Yuzhu Cui,
- Rohan Dahale,
- Jordy Davelaar,
- Mariafelicia De Laurentis,
- Roger Deane,
- Jessica Dempsey,
- Gregory Desvignes,
- Jason Dexter,
- Vedant Dhruv,
- Indu K. Dihingia,
- Sergio A. Dzib,
- Ralph P. Eatough,
- Razieh Emami,
- Heino Falcke,
- Joseph Farah,
- Edward Fomalont,
- Anne-Laure Fontana,
- H. Alyson Ford,
- Marianna Foschi,
- Raquel Fraga-Encinas,
- William T. Freeman,
- Per Friberg,
- Christian M. Fromm,
- Antonio Fuentes,
- Peter Galison,
- Charles F. Gammie,
- Boris Georgiev,
- Roman Gold,
- Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz,
- José L. Gómez,
- Minfeng Gu,
- Mark Gurwell,
- Kazuhiro Hada,
- Daryl Haggard,
- Ronald Hesper,
- Dirk Heumann,
- Luis C. Ho,
- Paul Ho,
- Mareki Honma,
- Chih-Wei L. Huang,
- Lei Huang,
- David H. Hughes,
- Shiro Ikeda,
- C. M. Violette Impellizzeri,
- Makoto Inoue,
- Sara Issaoun,
- David J. James,
- Buell T. Jannuzi,
- Britton Jeter,
- Wu Jiang,
- Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales,
- Michael D. Johnson,
- Svetlana Jorstad,
- Adam C. Jones,
- Abhishek V. Joshi,
- Taehyun Jung,
- Ramesh Karuppusamy,
- Tomohisa Kawashima,
- Mark Kettenis,
- Dong-Jin Kim,
- Jae-Young Kim,
- Jongsoo Kim,
- Junhan Kim,
- Motoki Kino,
- Prashant Kocherlakota,
- Yutaro Kofuji,
- Patrick M. Koch,
- Shoko Koyama,
- Carsten Kramer,
- Joana A. Kramer,
- Michael Kramer,
- Derek Kubo,
- Cheng-Yu Kuo,
- Noemi La Bella,
- Sang-Sung Lee,
- Aviad Levis,
- Zhiyuan Li,
- Rocco Lico,
- Greg Lindahl,
- Michael Lindqvist,
- Mikhail Lisakov,
- Jun Liu,
- Kuo Liu,
- Elisabetta Liuzzo,
- Andrei P. Lobanov,
- Laurent Loinard,
- Colin J. Lonsdale,
- Amy E. Lowitz,
- Ru-Sen Lu,
- Nicholas R. MacDonald,
- Sylvain Mahieu,
- Doris Maier,
- Jirong Mao,
- Nicola Marchili,
- Sera Markoff,
- Daniel P. Marrone,
- Alan P. Marscher,
- Iván Martí-Vidal,
- Lia Medeiros,
- Karl M. Menten,
- Izumi Mizuno,
- Yosuke Mizuno,
- Joshua Montgomery,
- Kotaro Moriyama,
- Monika Moscibrodzka,
- Wanga Mulaudzi,
- Cornelia Müller,
- Hendrik Müller,
- Alejandro Mus,
- Gibwa Musoke,
- Ioannis Myserlis,
- Hiroshi Nagai,
- Neil M. Nagar,
- Masanori Nakamura,
- Gopal Narayanan,
- Iniyan Natarajan,
- Antonios Nathanail,
- Santiago Navarro Fuentes,
- Joey Neilsen,
- Chunchong Ni,
- Michael A. Nowak,
- Junghwan Oh,
- Hiroki Okino,
- Héctor Raúl Olivares Sánchez,
- Tomoaki Oyama,
- Feryal Özel,
- Daniel C. M. Palumbo,
- Georgios Filippos Paraschos,
- Jongho Park,
- Harriet Parsons,
- Ue-Li Pen,
- Vincent Piétu,
- Aleksandar PopStefanija,
- Oliver Porth,
- Ben Prather,
- Giacomo Principe,
- Dimitrios Psaltis,
- Hung-Yi Pu,
- Philippe A. Raffin,
- Ramprasad Rao,
- Mark G. Rawlings,
- Angelo Ricarte,
- Bart Ripperda,
- Freek Roelofs,
- Cristina Romero-Cañizales,
- Eduardo Ros,
- Arash Roshanineshat,
- Ignacio Ruiz,
- Chet Ruszczyk,
- Kazi L. J. Rygl,
- David Sánchez-Argüelles,
- Miguel Sánchez-Portal,
- Mahito Sasada,
- Kaushik Satapathy,
- Tuomas Savolainen,
- F. Peter Schloerb,
- Jonathan Schonfeld,
- Karl-Friedrich Schuster,
- Lijing Shao,
- Zhiqiang Shen,
- Des Small,
- Bong Won Sohn,
- Jason SooHoo,
- León David Sosapanta Salas,
- Kamal Souccar,
- Ranjani Srinivasan,
- Joshua S. Stanway,
- He Sun,
- Fumie Tazaki,
- Alexandra J. Tetarenko,
- Paul Tiede,
- Kenji Toma,
- Teresa Toscano,
- Efthalia Traianou,
- Tyler Trent,
- Sascha Trippe,
- Matthew Turk,
- Ilse van Bemmel,
- Huib Jan van Langevelde,
- Daniel R. van Rossum,
- Jesse Vos,
- Derek Ward-Thompson,
- John Wardle,
- Jasmin E. Washington,
- Robert Wharton,
- Kaj Wiik,
- Gunther Witzel,
- Michael F. Wondrak,
- George N. Wong,
- Qingwen Wu,
- Nitika Yadlapalli,
- Paul Yamaguchi,
- Aristomenis Yfantis,
- Doosoo Yoon,
- Ziri Younsi,
- Wei Yu,
- Feng Yuan,
- Ye-Fei Yuan,
- J. Anton Zensus,
- Shuo Zhang,
- Guang-Yao Zhao,
- Shan-Shan Zhao
Affiliations
- Alexander W. Raymond
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Current address is Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA, USA
- Sheperd S. Doeleman
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Keiichi Asada
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Lindy Blackburn
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Geoffrey C. Bower
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 645 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Manoa , 2505 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Michael Bremer
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France
- Dominique Broguiere
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France
- Ming-Tang Chen
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Geoffrey B. Crew
- ORCiD
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory , 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA
- Sven Dornbusch
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Vincent L. Fish
- ORCiD
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory , 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA
- Roberto García
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France
- Olivier Gentaz
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France
- Ciriaco Goddi
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari , SP Monserrato-Sestu km 0.7, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy; INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , Via della Scienza 5, 09047, Selargius, CA, Italy
- Chih-Chiang Han
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Michael H. Hecht
- ORCiD
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory , 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA
- Yau-De Huang
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Michael Janssen
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Garrett K. Keating
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Jun Yi Koay
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Thomas P. Krichbaum
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Wen-Ping Lo
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Department of Physics, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Satoki Matsushita
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Lynn D. Matthews
- ORCiD
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory , 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA
- James M. Moran
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Timothy J. Norton
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Nimesh Patel
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Dominic W. Pesce
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Venkatessh Ramakrishnan
- ORCiD
- Astronomy Department, Universidad de Concepción , Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile; Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO, FI-20014 University of Turku , Finland; Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory , Metsähovintie 114, FI-02540 Kylmälä, Finland
- Helge Rottmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Alan L. Roy
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Salvador Sánchez
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Avenida Divina Pastora 7, Local 20, E-18012, Granada, Spain
- Remo P. J. Tilanus
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Michael Titus
- ORCiD
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory , 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA
- Pablo Torne
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Avenida Divina Pastora 7, Local 20, E-18012, Granada, Spain
- Jan Wagner
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Jonathan Weintroub
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Maciek Wielgus
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- André Young
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Kazunori Akiyama
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory , 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
- Ezequiel Albentosa-Ruíz
- ORCiD
- Departament d’Astronomia i Astrofísica, Universitat de València , C. Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
- Antxon Alberdi
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain
- Walter Alef
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Juan Carlos Algaba
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Richard Anantua
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio , One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
- Rebecca Azulay
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Departament d’Astronomia i Astrofísica, Universitat de València , C. Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, València, Spain; Observatori Astronòmic, Universitat de València , C. Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, València, Spain
- Uwe Bach
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Anne-Kathrin Baczko
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology , Onsala Space Observatory, SE-43992 Onsala, Sweden
- David Ball
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Mislav Balokovic
- ORCiD
- Yale Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, Yale University , 52 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Bidisha Bandyopadhyay
- ORCiD
- Astronomy Department, Universidad de Concepción , Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
- John Barrett
- ORCiD
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory , 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA
- Michi Bauböck
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois , 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Bradford A. Benson
- ORCiD
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory , MS209, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago , 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Dan Bintley
- East Asian Observatory , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
- Raymond Blundell
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Katherine L. Bouman
- ORCiD
- California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Hope Boyce
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute at McGill, 3550 rue University , Montréal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada
- Roger Brissenden
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Silke Britzen
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Avery E. Broderick
- ORCiD
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics , 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Thomas Bronzwaer
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Sandra Bustamante
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- John E. Carlstrom
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago , 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Physics, University of Chicago , 5720 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago , 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Andrew Chael
- ORCiD
- Princeton Gravity Initiative, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Chi-kwan Chan
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Data Science Institute, University of Arizona , 1230 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Program in Applied Mathematics, University of Arizona , 617 North Santa Rita, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Dominic O. Chang
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Koushik Chatterjee
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Shami Chatterjee
- ORCiD
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Yongjun Chen
- ORCiD
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- Xiaopeng Cheng
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daedeok-daero 776, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
- Ilje Cho
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daedeok-daero 776, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea; Department of Astronomy, Yonsei University , Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Pierre Christian
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Fairfield University , 1073 North Benson Road, Fairfield, CT 06824, USA
- Nicholas S. Conroy
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- John E. Conway
- ORCiD
- Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology , Onsala Space Observatory, SE-43992 Onsala, Sweden
- Thomas M. Crawford
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago , 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Alejandro Cruz-Osorio
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astronomía , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apdo Postal 70-264, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Yuzhu Cui
- ORCiD
- Research Center for Astronomical Computing, Zhejiang Laboratory , Hangzhou 311100, People's Republic of China; Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shengrong Road 520, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China
- Rohan Dahale
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain
- Jordy Davelaar
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Astronomy and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University , 500 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA; Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA
- Mariafelicia De Laurentis
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica “E. Pancini”, Università di Napoli “Federico II” , Compl. Univ. di Monte S. Angelo, Edificio G, Via Cinthia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy; INFN Sez. di Napoli, Compl. Univ. di Monte S. Angelo , Edificio G, Via Cinthia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
- Roger Deane
- ORCiD
- Wits Centre for Astrophysics, University of the Witwatersrand , 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Department of Physics, University of Pretoria , Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; Centre for Radio Astronomy Techniques and Technologies, Department of Physics and Electronics, Rhodes University , Makhanda 6140, South Africa
- Jessica Dempsey
- ORCiD
- East Asian Observatory , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; ASTRON , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
- Gregory Desvignes
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France
- Jason Dexter
- ORCiD
- JILA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Vedant Dhruv
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois , 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Indu K. Dihingia
- ORCiD
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shengrong Road 520, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China
- Sergio A. Dzib
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France; Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Ralph P. Eatough
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China
- Razieh Emami
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Heino Falcke
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Joseph Farah
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Edward Fomalont
- ORCiD
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory , 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Anne-Laure Fontana
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France
- H. Alyson Ford
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Marianna Foschi
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain
- Raquel Fraga-Encinas
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- William T. Freeman
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 32-D476, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Google Research , 355 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Per Friberg
- ORCiD
- East Asian Observatory , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
- Christian M. Fromm
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universität Würzburg , Emil-Fischer-Str. 31, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Antonio Fuentes
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain
- Peter Galison
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Department of History of Science, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Physics, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Charles F. Gammie
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois , 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; NCSA, University of Illinois , 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Boris Georgiev
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Roman Gold
- ORCiD
- CP3-Origins, University of Southern Denmark , Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
- Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz
- ORCiD
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica , Óptica y Electrónica. Apartado Postal 51 y 216, 72000. Puebla Pue., Mexico; Consejo Nacional de Humanidades , Ciencia y Tecnología, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, 03940, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- José L. Gómez
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain
- Minfeng Gu
- ORCiD
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
- Mark Gurwell
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Kazuhiro Hada
- ORCiD
- Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Oshu, Iwate 023-0861, Japan; Department of Astronomical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
- Daryl Haggard
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute at McGill, 3550 rue University , Montréal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada
- Ronald Hesper
- ORCiD
- NOVA Sub-mm Instrumentation Group, Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen , Landleven 12, 9747 AD Groningen, The Netherlands
- Dirk Heumann
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Luis C. Ho
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Paul Ho
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.; East Asian Observatory , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
- Mareki Honma
- ORCiD
- Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Oshu, Iwate 023-0861, Japan; Department of Astronomical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Chih-Wei L. Huang
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Lei Huang
- ORCiD
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
- David H. Hughes
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica , Óptica y Electrónica. Apartado Postal 51 y 216, 72000. Puebla Pue., Mexico
- Shiro Ikeda
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; The Institute of Statistical Mathematics , 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo, 190-8562, Japan; Department of Statistical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8562, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8583, Japan
- C. M. Violette Impellizzeri
- ORCiD
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory , 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; Leiden Observatory, Leiden University , Postbus 2300, 9513 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Makoto Inoue
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Sara Issaoun
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- David J. James
- ORCiD
- ASTRAVEO LLC , PO Box 1668, Gloucester, MA 01931, USA; Applied Materials Inc ., 35 Dory Road, Gloucester, MA 01930, USA
- Buell T. Jannuzi
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Britton Jeter
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Wu Jiang
- ORCiD
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
- Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Michael D. Johnson
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Svetlana Jorstad
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astrophysical Research, Boston University , 725 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Adam C. Jones
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago , 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Abhishek V. Joshi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois , 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Taehyun Jung
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daedeok-daero 776, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea; University of Science and Technology , Gajeong-ro 217, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Ramesh Karuppusamy
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Tomohisa Kawashima
- ORCiD
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
- Mark Kettenis
- ORCiD
- Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC (JIVE) , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
- Dong-Jin Kim
- ORCiD
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory , 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA
- Jae-Young Kim
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Department of Astronomy and Atmospheric Sciences, Kyungpook National University , Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
- Jongsoo Kim
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daedeok-daero 776, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
- Junhan Kim
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Motoki Kino
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Kogakuin University of Technology & Engineering , Academic Support Center, 2665-1 Nakano, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
- Prashant Kocherlakota
- ORCiD
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Yutaro Kofuji
- Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Oshu, Iwate 023-0861, Japan; Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Patrick M. Koch
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Shoko Koyama
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University , 8050 Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
- Carsten Kramer
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France
- Joana A. Kramer
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Michael Kramer
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Derek Kubo
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 645 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
- Cheng-Yu Kuo
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Physics Department, National Sun Yat-Sen University , No. 70, Lien-Hai Road, Kaosiung City 80424, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Noemi La Bella
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Sang-Sung Lee
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daedeok-daero 776, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
- Aviad Levis
- ORCiD
- California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Zhiyuan Li
- ORCiD
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
- Rocco Lico
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain; INAF-Istituto di Radioastronomia , Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
- Greg Lindahl
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Michael Lindqvist
- ORCiD
- Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology , Onsala Space Observatory, SE-43992 Onsala, Sweden
- Mikhail Lisakov
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Jun Liu
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Kuo Liu
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Elisabetta Liuzzo
- ORCiD
- INAF-Istituto di Radioastronomia & Italian ALMA Regional Centre , Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
- Andrei P. Lobanov
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Laurent Loinard
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Morelia 58089, Mexico
- Colin J. Lonsdale
- ORCiD
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory , 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA
- Amy E. Lowitz
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Ru-Sen Lu
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- Nicholas R. MacDonald
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Sylvain Mahieu
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France
- Doris Maier
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France
- Jirong Mao
- ORCiD
- Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 650011 Kunming, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China; Center for Astronomical Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 650011 Kunming, People's Republic of China
- Nicola Marchili
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; INAF-Istituto di Radioastronomia & Italian ALMA Regional Centre , Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
- Sera Markoff
- ORCiD
- Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam (GRAPPA) Institute, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Daniel P. Marrone
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Alan P. Marscher
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astrophysical Research, Boston University , 725 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Iván Martí-Vidal
- ORCiD
- Departament d’Astronomia i Astrofísica, Universitat de València , C. Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, València, Spain; Observatori Astronòmic, Universitat de València , C. Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, València, Spain
- Lia Medeiros
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Karl M. Menten
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Izumi Mizuno
- ORCiD
- East Asian Observatory , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
- Yosuke Mizuno
- ORCiD
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shengrong Road 520, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China; School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
- Joshua Montgomery
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago , 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Trottier Space Institute at McGill, 3550 rue University , Montréal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada
- Kotaro Moriyama
- ORCiD
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Oshu, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
- Monika Moscibrodzka
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Wanga Mulaudzi
- ORCiD
- Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cornelia Müller
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Hendrik Müller
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Alejandro Mus
- ORCiD
- Departament d’Astronomia i Astrofísica, Universitat de València , C. Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, València, Spain; Observatori Astronòmic, Universitat de València , C. Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, València, Spain
- Gibwa Musoke
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Ioannis Myserlis
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Avenida Divina Pastora 7, Local 20, E-18012, Granada, Spain
- Hiroshi Nagai
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Department of Astronomical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
- Neil M. Nagar
- ORCiD
- Astronomy Department, Universidad de Concepción , Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
- Masanori Nakamura
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.; National Institute of Technology , Hachinohe College, 16-1 Uwanotai, Tamonoki, Hachinohe City, Aomori 039-1192, Japan
- Gopal Narayanan
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Iniyan Natarajan
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Antonios Nathanail
- ORCiD
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Research Center for Astronomy, Academy of Athens , Soranou Efessiou 4, 115 27 Athens, Greece
- Santiago Navarro Fuentes
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Avenida Divina Pastora 7, Local 20, E-18012, Granada, Spain
- Joey Neilsen
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Villanova University , 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
- Chunchong Ni
- ORCiD
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics , 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Michael A. Nowak
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Washington University , CB 1105, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Junghwan Oh
- ORCiD
- Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC (JIVE) , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
- Hiroki Okino
- ORCiD
- Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Oshu, Iwate 023-0861, Japan; Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Héctor Raúl Olivares Sánchez
- ORCiD
- Departamento de Matemática da Universidade de Aveiro and Centre for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA) , Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Tomoaki Oyama
- ORCiD
- Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Oshu, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
- Feryal Özel
- ORCiD
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology , 837 State Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Daniel C. M. Palumbo
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Georgios Filippos Paraschos
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Jongho Park
- ORCiD
- School of Space Research, Kyung Hee University , 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
- Harriet Parsons
- ORCiD
- East Asian Observatory , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
- Ue-Li Pen
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics , 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada; Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 60 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada; Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research , 180 Dundas Street West, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada
- Vincent Piétu
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France
- Aleksandar PopStefanija
- Department of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Oliver Porth
- ORCiD
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Ben Prather
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois , 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Giacomo Principe
- ORCiD
- INAF-Istituto di Radioastronomia , Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste , I-34127 Trieste, Italy; INFN Sez. di Trieste , I-34127 Trieste, Italy
- Dimitrios Psaltis
- ORCiD
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology , 837 State Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Hung-Yi Pu
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University , No. 88, Sec. 4, Tingzhou Road, Taipei 116, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Center of Astronomy and Gravitation, National Taiwan Normal University , No. 88, Sec. 4, Tingzhou Road, Taipei 116, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Philippe A. Raffin
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Ramprasad Rao
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Mark G. Rawlings
- ORCiD
- East Asian Observatory , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) , 660 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; Gemini Observatory/NSF’s NOIRLab , 670 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
- Angelo Ricarte
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Bart Ripperda
- ORCiD
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics , 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada; Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 60 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada; Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada; Department of Physics, University of Toronto , 60 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada
- Freek Roelofs
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Cristina Romero-Cañizales
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Eduardo Ros
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Arash Roshanineshat
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Ignacio Ruiz
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Avenida Divina Pastora 7, Local 20, E-18012, Granada, Spain
- Chet Ruszczyk
- ORCiD
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory , 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA
- Kazi L. J. Rygl
- ORCiD
- INAF-Istituto di Radioastronomia & Italian ALMA Regional Centre , Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
- David Sánchez-Argüelles
- ORCiD
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica , Óptica y Electrónica. Apartado Postal 51 y 216, 72000. Puebla Pue., Mexico; Consejo Nacional de Humanidades , Ciencia y Tecnología, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, 03940, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Miguel Sánchez-Portal
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Avenida Divina Pastora 7, Local 20, E-18012, Granada, Spain
- Mahito Sasada
- ORCiD
- Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Oshu, Iwate 023-0861, Japan; Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan; Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University , 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Kaushik Satapathy
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Tuomas Savolainen
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory , Metsähovintie 114, FI-02540 Kylmälä, Finland; Aalto University Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering , PL 15500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- F. Peter Schloerb
- Department of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Jonathan Schonfeld
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Karl-Friedrich Schuster
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France
- Lijing Shao
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Zhiqiang Shen
- ORCiD
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- Des Small
- ORCiD
- Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC (JIVE) , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
- Bong Won Sohn
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daedeok-daero 776, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea; Department of Astronomy, Yonsei University , Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea; University of Science and Technology , Gajeong-ro 217, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Jason SooHoo
- ORCiD
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory , 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA
- León David Sosapanta Salas
- ORCiD
- Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Kamal Souccar
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Ranjani Srinivasan
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Joshua S. Stanway
- ORCiD
- Jeremiah Horrocks Institute, University of Central Lancashire , Preston PR1 2HE, UK
- He Sun
- ORCiD
- National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; College of Future Technology, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Fumie Tazaki
- ORCiD
- Tokyo Electron Technology Solutions Limited , 52 Matsunagane, Iwayado, Esashi, Oshu, Iwate 023-1101, Japan
- Alexandra J. Tetarenko
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Lethbridge , Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Paul Tiede
- ORCiD
- Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Kenji Toma
- ORCiD
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University , Sendai 980-8578, Japan; Astronomical Institute, Tohoku University , Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Teresa Toscano
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain
- Efthalia Traianou
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain
- Tyler Trent
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Sascha Trippe
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Matthew Turk
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Ilse van Bemmel
- ORCiD
- Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC (JIVE) , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
- Huib Jan van Langevelde
- ORCiD
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University , Postbus 2300, 9513 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC (JIVE) , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands; University of New Mexico , Department of Physics and Astronomy, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Daniel R. van Rossum
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Jesse Vos
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Derek Ward-Thompson
- ORCiD
- Jeremiah Horrocks Institute, University of Central Lancashire , Preston PR1 2HE, UK
- John Wardle
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Brandeis University , 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
- Jasmin E. Washington
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Robert Wharton
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Kaj Wiik
- ORCiD
- Tuorla Observatory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku , Finland
- Gunther Witzel
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Michael F. Wondrak
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud Excellence Fellow of Radboud University , Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- George N. Wong
- ORCiD
- Princeton Gravity Initiative, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study , 1 Einstein Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
- Qingwen Wu
- ORCiD
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China
- Nitika Yadlapalli
- ORCiD
- California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Paul Yamaguchi
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Aristomenis Yfantis
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Doosoo Yoon
- ORCiD
- Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Ziri Younsi
- ORCiD
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London , Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK
- Wei Yu
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Feng Yuan
- ORCiD
- Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics and Department of Physics, Fudan University , Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
- Ye-Fei Yuan
- ORCiD
- Astronomy Department, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- J. Anton Zensus
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Shuo Zhang
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , 567 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Guang-Yao Zhao
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain
- Shan-Shan Zhao
- ORCiD
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad5bdb
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 168,
no. 3
p. 130
Abstract
The first very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) detections at 870 μ m wavelength (345 GHz frequency) are reported, achieving the highest diffraction-limited angular resolution yet obtained from the surface of the Earth and the highest-frequency example of the VLBI technique to date. These include strong detections for multiple sources observed on intercontinental baselines between telescopes in Chile, Hawaii, and Spain, obtained during observations in 2018 October. The longest-baseline detections approach 11 G λ , corresponding to an angular resolution, or fringe spacing, of 19 μ as. The Allan deviation of the visibility phase at 870 μ m is comparable to that at 1.3 mm on the relevant integration timescales between 2 and 100 s. The detections confirm that the sensitivity and signal chain stability of stations in the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) array are suitable for VLBI observations at 870 μ m. Operation at this short wavelength, combined with anticipated enhancements of the EHT, will lead to a unique high angular resolution instrument for black hole studies, capable of resolving the event horizons of supermassive black holes in both space and time.
Keywords
- Very long baseline interferometry
- Radio interferometry
- Black holes
- Supermassive black holes
- High angular resolution
- Astronomical techniques
