Properties of Cephalopod Skin Ommochromes to Inhibit Free Radicals, and the Maillard Reaction and Retino-Protective Mechanisms in Cellular Models Concerning Oxidative Stress, Angiogenesis, and Inflammation
Luján Lidianys María Lewis,
Philipp Dörschmann,
Charlotte Seeba,
Tabea Thalenhorst,
Johann Roider,
Simon Bernard Iloki Assanga,
Juan Carlos Gálvez Ruiz,
Teresa Del Castillo Castro,
Ema Carina Rosas-Burgos,
Maribel Plascencia-Jatomea,
Josafat Marina Ezquerra Brauer,
Alexa Klettner
Affiliations
Luján Lidianys María Lewis
Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
Philipp Dörschmann
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kiel, University Medical Center, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Charlotte Seeba
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kiel, University Medical Center, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Tabea Thalenhorst
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kiel, University Medical Center, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Johann Roider
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kiel, University Medical Center, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Simon Bernard Iloki Assanga
Department of Biological Chemical Sciences, Sonora University, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
Juan Carlos Gálvez Ruiz
Department of Biological Chemical Sciences, Sonora University, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
Teresa Del Castillo Castro
Department of Research on Polymers and Materials, Sonora University, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
Ema Carina Rosas-Burgos
Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
Maribel Plascencia-Jatomea
Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
Josafat Marina Ezquerra Brauer
Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
Alexa Klettner
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kiel, University Medical Center, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Ommochromes are pigments of invertebrates that exhibit oxidative stress protection. The aim of this study was to investigate ommochromes extracted from cephalopod’s skin for their ability to inhibit age-related-macular degeneration (AMD)-related factors such as H2O2-induced and iron-dependent oxidative stress (ferroptosis and erastin), accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 and interleukin 8) secretion. As cell systems, we used primary porcine retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), human retinal pigment epithelium cell line ARPE-19 and uveal melanoma cell line OMM-1. In vitro, ommochromes produced an antiglycation effect by the inhibition of fructosylation reaction. The ommochromes showed protective effects against erastin- induced cell death in ARPE-19. In addition, in long-term stimulation (7 days) ommochromes decreased constitutively secreted VEGF, as well as interleukin 6 and interleukin 8 induced by Poly I:C in primary RPE. No relevant effects were detected in OMM-1 cells. The effects are dependent on the cell system, time of exposition, and concentration. This substance is of interest for further research concerning age-related macular degeneration.
