Tuning the Acid–Base Properties of Lignin-Derived Carbon Modulated ZnZr/SiO<sub>2</sub> Catalysts for Selective and Efficient Production of Butadiene from Ethanol
Na Liu,
Yingluo He,
Kangzhou Wang,
Fei Chen,
Jie Yao,
Guohui Yang,
Shufang Huang,
Lishu Shao,
Noritatsu Tsubaki
Affiliations
Na Liu
Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
Yingluo He
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Kangzhou Wang
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Fei Chen
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Jie Yao
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Guohui Yang
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Shufang Huang
Department of Environmental Monitoring, College of Changsha Environmental Protection, Changsha 410004, China
Lishu Shao
Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
Noritatsu Tsubaki
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
The direct selective conversion of ethanol to butadiene (ETB) is a competitive and environmentally friendly process compared to the traditional crude cracking route. The acid–base properties of catalysts are crucial for the direct ETB process. Herein, we report a rationally designed multifunctional lignin-derived carbon-modulated ZnZr/SiO2 (L-ZnZr/SiO2) catalyst with suitable acid–base properties for the direct ETB reaction. A variety of characterization techniques are employed to investigate the relationship between the acid–base properties and catalytic performance of the multifunctional lignin-modulated ZnZr/SiO2 catalysts. The results revealed that the rationally additional lignin-modulated carbon enhances both the acidity and basicity of the ZnZr/SiO2 catalysts, providing a suitable acid–base ratio that boosts the direct ETB reactivity. Meanwhile, the 1% L-ZnZr/SiO2 catalyst possessed ethanol conversion and butadiene selectivity as high as 98.4% and 55.5%, respectively, and exhibited excellent catalytic stability.
