Synthesis of Ti-Ni and Zr-Ni Core–Shell Particles Using Galvanic Replacement

Abstract

This article focuses on the galvanic replacement synthesis of Ti-Ni and Zr-Ni metal systems with a “core-shell” structure, which are potential precursors for intermetallics. The authors defined effective synthesis parameters and formation features of polymetallic systems characterized by granulometric, phase, and elemental composition. X-ray fluorescence and X-ray phase analysis methods showed that the deposition of nickel on dispersed titanium and zirconium leads to the production of test samples with phase composition representing a mechanical mixture of Ni and Ti, and Ni and Zr. The method of X-ray fluorescence analysis showed that the presence of hydrofluoric acid with a 0.5-1.5 M concentration results in the formation of fixed quantitative ratios of elements in the precipitate, which allows the quantitative composition of dispersed systems “titanium-nickel” and “zirconium-nickel” to be regulated within a relatively wide range. Scanning electron microscopy proved that all synthesized systems are characterized by a highly porous structure that follows the titanium and zirconium particle surface contour and the presence of spherical nanoscale subunits on the formed particle surface.

Keywords

• dispersed titanium and zirconium
• mechanical mixture
• galvanic replacement
• metal systems Ti-Ni and Zr-Ni
• core–shell structure
• precursors of intermetallics