ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE IN LESION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

Abstract

Objective: The analysis of clinical physiology of acute respiratory failure, depending on the localization of the process in the nervous system in various diseases of it and the setting of indications for artificial ventilation of lungs (AVL). Methods: Traced 26 patients with serious diseases of the nervous system, who needed to the AVL, and which were in aftercare in the Resuscitation Department of the National Medical Center. Results: Depending on the lesion of the nervous system, the patients were divided into 2 groups. 18 (69%) of patients (group I) received central nervous system damage (strokes, encephalitis), which caused of acute respiratory failure (ARF). In 8 (31%) of patients (group II), the cause of ARF was the pareses and stethoparalyses (polyradiculoneuropathy, myasthenia). Conclusion: Clinical syndromes in lesions of the central regulation of respiratory system are the partial or complete loss of voluntary breathing and coughing as well as pathological forms of respiratory movements. The assessment of respiratory failure is based on the degrees of liquation of PO2, the diffusive capability of the lungs, an increase in the ventilation-perfusion ratio, and an increase in the physiological dead space by a factor of 1.5.

Keywords

• acute respiratory failure
• artificial ventilation of lungs (avl)
• violation of ventilation-perfusion ratio.