Antibacterial and cytotoxicity of methylene blue loaded-cellulose nanocarrier on breast cancer cell line

Abstract

Antibacterial and cytotoxicity of methylene blue (MB), a widely used dye in medicine, loaded onto extracted cellulose was studied against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Cellulose (C) was extracted from water hyacinth by three methods (Soxhlet extraction, mercerization with 5%NaOH and acid hydrolysis). Then, MB was loaded on extracted cellulose and examined by physical and morphological characterization. TEM images of cellulose extracted by acid hydrolysis presented a network-like with diameter of 30–50 nm and a length of 270–1290 nm. Release behavior was studied by the kinetic models (Zero-order, First-order, Higuchi, Hixson-Crowell and Korsmeyer-Peppas models). At pH 7.4, MB release percentage reached 52%, up to 1400 h, while at pH 5.4 and 6.7, the release percentage reached 45 and 42%, respectively. Cytotoxicity assay of MB-loaded cellulose was studied against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and WI-38 normal cell line. In MCF-7 after 48 h, cell viability decreased from 52.4 to 6.9 when the concentration of MB increases from 12.5 to 100 Mg/ml. However, it has a weak cytotoxic effect on normal cell line (WI-38). Antibacterial activity of MB-loaded cellulose was determined against gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria and revealed an antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains.

Keywords

• Cellulose
• Cytotoxicity
• Methylene blue
• Nanocarrier
• Breast cancer
• MCF-7