Obrazovanie i Nauka (Mar 2020)
Development of students’ subject position in the process of internship in an inclusive school
Abstract
Introduction. The requirements of the Federal State Educational Standards for the training of teachers and teachers-psychologists determine the list of competencies in the field of education of children with special educational needs, including the organisation of their joint activities with peers in an inclusive education institution. The implementation of inclusive principles is associated with the development of innovative ways for individualising the pedagogical process, creative nature of mastering learning strategies and socialising children with atypical development, which actualises the problem of transformation of pedagogical thinking stereotypes. In this regard, the professional training of students in the field of inclusive education requires searching for factors aimed at increasing personality subjectivity, development of abilities to demonstrate an active, transformative position, synthesis of know-ledge from various scientific fields, modeling of variative solutions to non-standard situations of inclusive process. An important component of a future teacher education is internship in inclusive schools, in the course of which direct interactions with children with different physical and intellectual capabilities actualise own resources of students and acquisition of required skills.The aim of the experimental work presented in this publication is to identify the development factors and characteristics of a student’s subjective position in the process of continuous internship in inclusive education institutions.Methodology and research methods. The present research is based on the methodological principles of the subjective and learner-centred approaches, as well as the provisions of the concept of transformability focused on the principle of permanent multiplication of success of each participant of the educational process. The questionnaire “Level of Personality Subjectivity” by M. A. Schukina and the questionnaire revealing a model of teacher-child interaction developed by V. G. Maralov, V. A. Sitarov were used as diagnostic tools. The method of qualitative analysis of students’ reflexive judgments was applied. The data was processed in the SPSS programme using mathematical statistics methods (Mann – Whitney U-test).Results and scientific novelty. A working definition of the subject position of the teacher is given. The teacher’s subject position consists not only in the complex of specific knowledge and competencies learned and applied in practice, but also, and above all, in a high level of self-organisation and self-determination of the individual in non-standard situations. For the first time in the Russian education system, the authors of the present research made an attempt to implement the idea of future teachers’ preparation for activities in an inclusive environment through the formation of the subject position. The factors, influencing the development of student’ subjective position, are determined; the peculiarities of its manifestations are analysed.Practical significance. The results of this experimental study could be of interest to teachers of higher education, teachers and heads of educational organisations, working in the conditions of inclusive education.
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