<i>Padina boergesenii</i>-Mediated Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesis, with Their Antibacterial and Anticancer Potential
Thirupathi Balaji,
Chethakkad Manikkan Manushankar,
Khalid A. Al-Ghanim,
Chinnaperumal Kamaraj,
Durairaj Thirumurugan,
Sundaram Thanigaivel,
Marcello Nicoletti,
Nadezhda Sachivkina,
Marimuthu Govindarajan
Affiliations
Thirupathi Balaji
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu Dt., Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
Chethakkad Manikkan Manushankar
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu Dt., Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
Khalid A. Al-Ghanim
Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Chinnaperumal Kamaraj
Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Chengalpattu Dt., Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
Durairaj Thirumurugan
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu Dt., Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
Sundaram Thanigaivel
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu Dt., Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
Marcello Nicoletti
Department of Environmental Biology, Foundation in Unam Sapientiam, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
Nadezhda Sachivkina
Department of Microbiology V.S. Kiktenko, Institute of Medicine, Peoples Friendship University of Russia Named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russia
Marimuthu Govindarajan
Unit of Vector Control, Phytochemistry and Nanotechnology, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
The utilization of nanoparticles derived from algae has generated increasing attention owing to their environmentally sustainable characteristics and their capacity to interact harmoniously with biologically active metabolites. The present study utilized P. boergesenii for the purpose of synthesizing copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs), which were subsequently subjected to in vitro assessment against various bacterial pathogens and cancer cells A375. The biosynthesized CuONPs were subjected to various analytical techniques including FTIR, XRD, HRSEM, TEM, and Zeta sizer analyses in order to characterize their stability and assess their size distribution. The utilization of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis has provided confirmation that the algal metabolites serve to stabilize the CuONPs and function as capping agents. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a distinct peak associated with the (103) plane, characterized by its sharpness and high intensity, indicating its crystalline properties. The size of the CuONPs in the tetragonal crystalline structure was measured to be 76 nm, and they exhibited a negative zeta potential. The biological assay demonstrated that the CuONPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity when tested against both Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. The cytotoxic effects of CuONPs and cisplatin, when tested at a concentration of 100 µg/mL on the A375 malignant melanoma cell line, were approximately 70% and 95%, respectively. The CuONPs that were synthesized demonstrated significant potential in terms of their antibacterial properties and their ability to inhibit the growth of malignant melanoma cells.
