My opinion on the reason why sonar can not be used for seepage testing

Abstract

In this paper, the “sonar percolation detection or logging” technology, which has emerged recently, is questioned from the aspects of test principle and calculation method, and the serious problems of this technology are pointed out. It is considered that sonar technology can not be used for seepage testing.

Keywords

• sonar
• vertical flow
• seepage velocity
• groundwater flow direction