Nanotechnology-Powered Cosmetics: Progress in Hyperpigmentation Treatment

Abstract

Hyperpigmentation is a prevalent and notable skin issue affecting individuals across all skin types. Although several depigmentation agents are available to address hyperpigmentation, their effectiveness is limited due to inadequate skin absorption and considerable toxicity, which can lead to side effects like irritative dermatitis, redness, itching, and peeling skin. Nanotechnology is pivotal in advancing cosmetic formulations by enhancing drug solubility, stability, safety, payload efficiency, and skin permeability. This study aims to thoroughly explore how different nanomaterials can improve cosmetic formulations for treating hyperpigmentation. It focuses on how nanotechnology can enhance the effectiveness of common treatments such as hydroqui-none, arbutin, kojic acid, azelaic acid, and retinoic acid. Notably, lipidic nanoparticles have be-come the most popular nanomaterial for treating hyperpigmentation. Despite their benefits, the lack of regulation for nanomaterials calls for thorough safety assessments and stricter guidelines to ensure consumer safety.