Production of bio-insecticide from extracted carica papaya using NADES solvent with ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE)

Abstract

Bioinsecticide is a kind of organic pesticides that are easily degraded in nature and their residues are relatively unobstrusive to the plants and surrounding environment. The raw material of bioinsecticide production can be derived from the abundant plant wastes and has a cysteine protease compound that can damage the tissue and digestive system in plant pests, namely papaya waste. The content of cysteine protease in papaya waste in mostly in papaya skin that can be extracted using Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) by varying sonication time and solid-to-liquid ratio with NADES solvent. Those variations will be comparaed using the enzyme activity test and the evication test. The results indicated that NADES solvent proved to be efficient solvents for extraction of papaya because papaya contains alkaloid that can be extracted by NADES with ChCl-oxalid acid is the type of NADES solvent.