НЕСПЕЦИФИЧЕСКИЙ ЯЗВЕННЫЙ КОЛИТ

Abstract

Ulcerative colitis is one of the most challenging problems in the modern gastroenterology. The diffuse inflammation in colon is the basis of the disease. It is clinically characterized by intestinal bleedings, loose stools with admixture of pus and blood, abdominal pains, tenesmus and constipations. However, extraintestinal manifestations can prevail at the beginning of disease. This manifestation causes difficulties in the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis at the early stages. It can take several months or even years after the first symptoms began. The article presents a case of nonspecific ulcerative colitis in 56-years old woman, who suffered from extraintestinal manifestations of disease for a long time. Within 3 months the patient complained of a low-grade fever, ulcers in the mouth, painful abscessed multiple defects of the neck skin and scalp, pain in the left ear and purulent nasal discharge, which are not pathognomonic for this disease. The patient was examined by general practitioners and specialized doctors. There were no doubts in the diagnosis of «pyoderma, abrasions, acute sinusitis». However, the prescribed treatment had no effect. Blood in the stool and its frequency of 6–8 times per day appeared only 3 month later. Based on this a sigmoidoscopy with biopsy was performed. Ulcerative colitis in the acute phase was diagnosed. Changes on the skin and mucous membranes were regarded as extraintestinal manifestations of ulcerative colitis. Pathogenetic therapy was appointed. The patient’s condition improved significantly. This case underlines the need to improve general practitioner’s and specialized doctor’s knowledge in the diagnosis of this disease.

Keywords

• неспецифический язвенный колит
• диагностика
• лечение