Hemolytic transfusion reaction analysis and domestic literature review

Abstract

Objective To investigate the causes of hemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR), identify clinical symptoms and severity, explore clinical detection methods, so as to provide reference for safe and rational blood use. Methods Clinical data of 3 cases of HTR in our hospital were analyzed. Blood type, unexpected antibody screening, antibody identification by serological method and elution test were reexamined in laboratory, and domestic literatures of HTR were reviewed. Results Case 1, 2, and 3 were diagnosed as DHTR (with anti-JKa antibody identified 7 days after transfusion), AHTR (with anti-Ce and anti-JKb antibodies respectively detected 5 and 7 days after transfusion) and HTR of unknown type (with anti-E antibody detected 3 days after transfusion). A total of 33 cases of HTR were reported from 2005 to 2021 in China, including 14 cases of AHTR, 18 cases of DHTR and 1 case as unknown type. The causes of HTR in 33 cases were as follows: ABO system antibodies in 4 cases, Rh system antibodies in 17 cases, 4 Kidd system antibodies in 4 cases, non-immune factors in 3 cases, and without antibody specificity in 5 cases. Conclusion Since various blood system antibodies may cause hemolysis reaction, it is of great significance to clarify the causes and identify the alloantibody for the safe use of blood in clinical practice.

Keywords

• hemolytic transfusion reaction
• unexpected antibody
• ahtr
• dhtr