Psychological Indicators of Delinquent Behavior in Adolescents: Te Potential of the ‘Psychological Risk Factors of Deviant Behavior in Adolescents Inventory’ for Diferentiating Between Adolescents with Delinquent Behavior, Drug Addiction, and Controls

Abstract

Background. Te Psychological Risk Factors of Deviant Behavior in Adolescents Inventory was developed based on “empirical keying” comparisons of answers to a pull of self-regulation-related items in clinical (drug addicts) and control groups. Objective. To reveal diferences between adolescents with delinquent behavior from drug addictions and controls using the Psychological Risk Factors of Deviant Behavior in Adolescents Inventory and to study their relationships to anxiety, depression, and personal resources. Design. 760 adolescents aged 13–17 from three schools of the Murmansk Region of Russia, 288 from eight Russian special education institutions for adolescents with delinquent behavior (prevalent diagnosis was F91), and 108 adolescents having drug addiction flled out the Psychological Risk Factors of Deviant Behavior in Adolescents Inventory. Adolescents from the control and delinquent behavior groups also flled out the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Additionally 280 pupils in the 10th11th grades and 99 adolescents with delinquent behavior in the 10th grade and up flled out the Hardiness Test, Life Orientation Test, and Self-Efcacy Scale. Results. Data reproduced results indicating higher dissatisfaction with relation- ships with parents, “black-and-white” thinking, a technology addiction tendency and antisocial tendencies, a low level of self-regulation and a high level of risky behavior and sensation seeking in adolescents with drug addictions that could be explained not only by psychological diferences but also by diferent social situations or strategies in responding to items. Adolescents with delinquent behavior also reported higher antisocial tendencies, novelty seeking, as well as lower self-regulation. In both the clinical and control groups, there were reasonable correlations between better self-regulation (lower technological addiction and antisocial tendencies, better self-regulation and emotion control) and personal resources of self-regulation. Conclusion. Antisocial tendencies, novelty seeking, and lower self-regulation could be psychological indicators of self-regulatory defciencies in adolescents with a risk of involvement in delinquent behavior, but further studies are needed to distinguish whether these diferences are explained by self-regulation, social situation or strategy of responding to items in adolescents with deviant behavior compared to controls.

Keywords

• psychodiagnostic
• self-regulation
• adolescents
• drug addiction
• delinquent behavior
• psychological risk factors of deviant behavior in adolescents inventory