Association of blood pressure and dietary intake of Sunomono, Japanese vinegared side dishes, in community-dwelling Japanese: A cross-sectional study
Hiroaki Kanouchi,
Mikako Yamashita,
Kaori Kaimoto,
Akiko Kuwabara,
Yukiko Kawakami,
Shigeo Takenaka,
Chihaya Koriyama,
So Kuwahata,
Toshihiro Takenaka,
Yuichi Akasaki,
Takuro Kubozono,
Masaaki Miyata,
Mitsuru Ohishi
Affiliations
Hiroaki Kanouchi
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, 3–7–30 Habikino, Habikino, Osaka 583-8555, Japan; Corresponding author.
Mikako Yamashita
Department of Life and Environmental Science, Kagoshima Prefectural College, 1-52-1 Shimoishiki, Kagoshima 890-0005, Japan
Kaori Kaimoto
Department of Human Life and Science, Kagoshima Women's College, 6-9 Kohraicho, Kagoshima 890-8565, Japan
Akiko Kuwabara
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, 3–7–30 Habikino, Habikino, Osaka 583-8555, Japan
Yukiko Kawakami
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, 3–7–30 Habikino, Habikino, Osaka 583-8555, Japan
Shigeo Takenaka
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, 3–7–30 Habikino, Habikino, Osaka 583-8555, Japan
Chihaya Koriyama
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
So Kuwahata
Tarumizu Municipal Medical Center, Tarumizu Chuo Hospital, 1-140 Kinkoucho, Tarumizu, Kagoshima 891-2124, Japan
Toshihiro Takenaka
Tarumizu Municipal Medical Center, Tarumizu Chuo Hospital, 1-140 Kinkoucho, Tarumizu, Kagoshima 891-2124, Japan
Yuichi Akasaki
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
Takuro Kubozono
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
Masaaki Miyata
School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
Mitsuru Ohishi
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
Objective: Vinegar has been reported to have a hypotensive effect. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the consumption of vinegar-based side dishes and blood pressure. Research methods & procedures: This cross-sectional study included 746 individuals (257 men and 489 women) aged ≥40 years from Tarumizu, Kagoshima, Japan. Nutrient intake was estimated based on the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. The intake frequency of vinegar-based side dishes (Sunomono and pickles) was determined using a self-administered diet history questionnaire. Participants who did not consume vinegar-based side dishes for a month were defined as having no Sunomono or pickle eating habit. Blood pressure was categorized into four groups according to the Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension. The association between the intake of vinegar-based side dishes and blood pressure categories was analyzed using ordinal logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking history, excessive alcohol intake, living situation, energy intake, protein intake, sodium intake, potassium intake, and seaweed intake. Results: Approximately 13.6% men and 6.1% women had no Sunomono eating habits. In men, eating Sunomono, but not pickles, was significantly related to blood pressure categories (estimate, −0.702; 95% CI, −1.122 to −0.310), whereas more frequent consumption of Sunomono did not show an improvement in the blood pressure category. The relationship between eating Sunomono and blood pressure categories was not recognized in women. Conclusion: This was the first study assessing the association between consumption of vinegar-based side dishes and blood pressure categories. We highlighted the effect of Sunomono consumption on blood pressure categories in men. Consumption of Sunomono may improve blood pressure in men.
