Efeito da Energia, Relação Energia: Proteína e Fase de Crescimento Sobre o Desempenho e Composição de Carcaça de Frangos de Corte Effect of Energy, Energy: Protein Ratio and Growing Phase on The Performance and Carcass Composition of Broilers

Abstract

Dois experimentos (EXP) avaliaram os efeitos da redução de proteína bruta (PB) em dietas com alta (A) (3.200kcal EM/kg) e baixa (B) (2.900kcal EM/kg) energia, sobre o desempenho e composição de carcaças de frangos de corte machos. Os níveis de PB foram reduzidos para obter as relações energia: proteína (E:PB) 139, 146, 153 e 160 (kcal/%) para as dietas iniciais (EXP 1), e 160, 167, 174 e 181(kcal/%) para as dietas de crescimento (EXP 2), em ambos os níveis de energia, mantendo constantes os níveis de MET+CIS e LIS. Todas as aves receberam uma mesma dieta antes (EXP 2) ou após (EXP 1) o fornecimento das dietas experimentais. O fornecimento das dietas A proporcionou melhor desempenho, no entanto resultou em maior deposição de gordura nas carcaças. No EXP 1, as aves alimentadas com as dietas B apresentaram ganho de peso (GP) similar àquelas alimentadas com as dietas A no período total (1 a 42 dias), porém melhor conversão calórica (CC) (kcal/kg) (pTwo experiments (EXP) were carried out to investigate the effects of crude protein (CP) levels reduction in high-energy (H) (3.200kcal ME/kg) and low-energy (L) (2.900kcal ME/kg) diets, on the performance and carcass composition of male broiler chickens. The CP levels were decreased to meet the following energy: protein (E:PB) ratios: 139, 146, 153 and 160 (kcal/%) for starter diets (EXP 1) and 160, 167, 174 and 181 (kcal/%) for grower diets (EXP 2), in both energy levels, keeping MET + CIS and LYS levels at the same concentration. All birds received a same diet before (EXP 2) or after (EXP 1) feeding the experimental diets. Feeding H diets resulted in better performance, but also in higher carcass fat deposition. In EXP 1, birds fed with L diets during the starter period had similar body weight gain (BWG), in the total period (1 to 42 days), than those H diets, however with better caloric conversion (kcal/kg) (CC). Also, the best CC was obtained with E:PB of 139. Lower BWG, sometimes occurred with lower levels of dietary CP, but in all experiments the CC was decreased with wider E:PB ration. In both EXP, protein utilization was improved with higher levels of dietary energy and with lower levels of dietary CP.

Keywords

• relação energia:proteína
• frangos de corte
• composição de carcaças
• desempenho
• energy:protein ratio
• broilers
• carcass composition
• performance