In Vivo Positive Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications of Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid)-coated Ultra-small Paramagnetic Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles
Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad,
Md. Wasi Ahmad,
Huan Yue,
Son Long Ho,
Ji Ae Park,
Ki-Hye Jung,
Hyunsil Cha,
Shanti Marasini,
Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari,
Shuwen Liu,
Tirusew Tegafaw,
Kwon-Seok Chae,
Yongmin Chang,
Gang Ho Lee
Affiliations
Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad
Department of Chemistry and Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, Korea
Md. Wasi Ahmad
Department of Chemistry and Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, Korea
Huan Yue
Department of Chemistry and Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, Korea
Son Long Ho
Department of Chemistry and Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, Korea
Ji Ae Park
Division of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science (KIRAMS), Seoul 01817, Korea
Ki-Hye Jung
Division of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science (KIRAMS), Seoul 01817, Korea
Hyunsil Cha
Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical & Biological Engineering and DNN, School of Medicine, KNU and Hospital, Taegu 41566, Korea
Shanti Marasini
Department of Chemistry and Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, Korea
Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari
Department of Chemistry and Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, Korea
Shuwen Liu
Department of Chemistry and Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, Korea
Tirusew Tegafaw
Department of Chemistry and Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, Korea
Kwon-Seok Chae
Department of Biology Education and DNN, Teachers’ College, KNU, Taegu 41566, Korea
Yongmin Chang
Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical & Biological Engineering and DNN, School of Medicine, KNU and Hospital, Taegu 41566, Korea
Gang Ho Lee
Department of Chemistry and Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, Korea
The study of ultra-small paramagnetic gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) as in vivo positive (T1) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents is one of the most attractive fields in nanomedicine. The performance of the Gd2O3 NP imaging agents depends on the surface-coating materials. In this study, poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) (PMVEMA) was used as a surface-coating polymer. The PMVEMA-coated paramagnetic ultra-small Gd2O3 NPs with an average particle diameter of 1.9 nm were synthesized using the one-pot polyol method. They exhibited excellent colloidal stability in water and good biocompatibility. They also showed a very high longitudinal water proton spin relaxivity (r1) value of 36.2 s−1mM−1 (r2/r1 = 2.0; r2 = transverse water proton spin relaxivity) under a 3.0 tesla MR field which is approximately 10 times higher than the r1 values of commercial molecular contrast agents. High positive contrast enhancements were observed in in vivo T1 MR images after intravenous administration of the NP solution sample, demonstrating its potential as a T1 MRI contrast agent.
