Las claves en el proceso de enseñanza‐aprendizaje de la técnica de judo desde la perspectiva del error: O Soto Gari vs. O Soto Guruma The process of teaching‐learning the especific judo technique from the error perspective is the key: O Soto Gari vs. O Soto Guruma

Abstract

<p class="resumenyabstract" align="justify">El presente estudio tiene como objetivo conocer los errores m&aacute;s frecuentes de las t&eacute;cnicas de <em>judo O Soto Gari</em> y <em>O Soto Guruma</em>, as&iacute; como clarificar las diferencias existentes entre ambas proyecciones con el fin de mejorar su proceso de ense&ntilde;anza-aprendizaje. Para ello, se ha realizado un an&aacute;lisis videogr&aacute;fico -mediante el uso de la metodolog&iacute;a observacional- de la ejecuci&oacute;n de las t&eacute;cnicas se&ntilde;aladas, siendo &eacute;stas efectuadas por alumnos de la Universidad de Vigo que cursaron la asignatura <em>&ldquo;Deportes de adversario con fines recreativos&rdquo;</em> durante aproximadamente 4 meses. Los resultados, analizados mediante estad&iacute;sticos descriptivos con el paquete de software SPSS 12.0.1, muestran, en primer lugar, que <em>O Soto Gari</em> es una t&eacute;cnica donde los sujetos investigados alcanzan una mayor frecuencia y diversidad de errores que en <em>O Soto Guruma</em>, lo cual permite afirmar que esta &uacute;ltima, debido a su mayor sencillez t&eacute;cnica, deber&iacute;a utilizarse antes que <em>O Soto Gari</em> en el proceso de ense&ntilde;anza-aprendizaje. En segundo lugar, tambi&eacute;n se ha concluido que, en contra de lo que cabr&iacute;a esperar, no son tantos los errores comunes en ambas proyecciones, y, de &eacute;stos, ninguno de ellos corresponde a los m&aacute;s habituales de cada t&eacute;cnica.<strong><br /> Palabras clave: </strong><em>judo, t&eacute;cnica, error, iniciaci&oacute;n, O Soto Gari, O Soto Guruma.</em></p><p class="resumenyabstract" align="justify">The present study must know the most frequent errors of the <em>O Soto Gari</em> and <em>O Soto Guruma</em> <em>judo</em> techniques, and clarify the existing differences between both projections in order to improve their process of education. An analysis using video-graphics is applied. It is used as observation and recording method for the mentioned <em>judo</em> techniques being exercised. The analysis is carried out by students of the University of Vigo. They attended the course <em>&ldquo;Sports of Adversary with Recreational Aims&rdquo;</em> during approximately four months. The results, presented by statistical means using the software package SPSS 12.0.1, show: 1) <em>O Soto Gari</em> is a technique where the studied <em>judokas</em> reach a greater frequency and diversity of errors than in <em>O Soto Guruma</em>. This allows announcing that for the teaching-learning process later one, due to its greater technical simplicity, should be used before <em>O Soto Gari</em> in. 2) Against the logic expectations, the errors that can be found when practicing the two projections are not as many. Therefore it can be concluded: a) There are not many frequent or routine errors on both projections and b) Errors made don&rsquo;t correspond to the most routine errors found in each technique.<br /> <strong>Key words</strong><strong>:</strong><em>judo</em>, technique, error, initiation, <em>O Soto Gari</em>, <em>O Soto Guruma</em>.</p>