Biological methods of remediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals

Abstract

Talking into account the analysis and synthesis of the retrospective of results of information-analytical studies an overview of the available scientific information on biological methods of remediation soils contaminated by heavy metals, as part of the developed methods of ecological rehabilitation of soils is presented. The advantages and limitations of using class methods of biological remediation of soil contamination are allocated and analyzed. Biodegradation and bioaccumulation are the most popular and dynamically developing areas of detoxification and decontamination of chemically contaminated soils. The biological methods provide ecologically safe remediation of soil improvement without intervention in natural processes. A conceptual model of the biological methods for contaminated soils is proposed. It includes optimization of soil environment and improves properties of soil system. Biodetoxification and biodecontamination are recommended by expanding populations of soil microorganisms, using plants by simultaneous exposure to biological and inert component of the soil. Perspectives of further development of methods for bioremediation of soils under heavy metal contamination factor are defined.

Keywords

• contaminated soil
• remediation
• biological methods
• heavy metals