The Surface of Dental Implants and the Role in Interaction with Biological Environment

Abstract

Dental implants are routinely used in modern dentistry to replace missing teeth. Commercial pure titanium or titanium alloys (e.g. Ti6Al4V) is the most frequently used material for their manufacturing. The screw type of cylindrical dental implant is the most available and the most used in dental implantology. Dental implants research is focusing on improving of tissue - implant surface contact, with a view to shorten wound healing and to ensure good quality of primary and secondary stability of dental implant. Important aspect is long-term functionality of implants without the need of reimplantations.In this paper there is basic overview of materials for dental implants manufacturing and brief description of interaction between tissue-implant surface and biological environment. There are also summarized basic surface properties influencing this interaction and discussed various types of surface treatments, which can be seen in practice and also in applied research.

Keywords

• dental implant
• interactions tissue
• biomaterial
• surface properties
• surface treatments