An Artificial Conversion of Roots into Organs with Shoot Stem Characteristics by Inducing Two Transcription Factors
Shigeru Hanano,
Hajime Tomatsu,
Ai Ohnishi,
Koichi Kobayashi,
Yuki Kondo,
Shigeyuki Betsuyaku,
Eiji Takita,
Yoshiyuki Ogata,
Keishi Ozawa,
Kunihiro Suda,
Tsutomu Hosouchi,
Takahiro Nagase,
Hideyuki Suzuki,
Nozomu Sakurai,
Hiroshi Masumoto,
Hiroo Fukuda,
Daisuke Shibata
Affiliations
Shigeru Hanano
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan; Corresponding author
Hajime Tomatsu
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
Ai Ohnishi
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
Koichi Kobayashi
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
Yuki Kondo
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Shigeyuki Betsuyaku
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
Eiji Takita
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
Yoshiyuki Ogata
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
Keishi Ozawa
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
Kunihiro Suda
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
Tsutomu Hosouchi
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
Takahiro Nagase
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan; The Kisarazu Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
Hideyuki Suzuki
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
Nozomu Sakurai
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
Hiroshi Masumoto
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
Hiroo Fukuda
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Daisuke Shibata
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan; The Kisarazu Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan; Corresponding author
Summary: Somatic plant cells can regenerate shoots and/or roots or adventitious embryonic calluses, which may induce organ formation under certain conditions. Such regenerations occur via dedifferentiation of somatic cells, induction of organs, and their subsequent outgrowth. Despite recent advances in understanding of plant regeneration, many details of shoot induction remain unclear. Here, we artificially induced shoot stem-like green organs (SSOs) in Arabidopsis thaliana roots via simultaneous induction of two transcription factors (TFs), ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 25 (ATHB25, At5g65410) and the B3 family transcription factor REPRODUCTIVE MERISTEM 7 (REM7, At3g18960). The SSOs exhibited negative gravitropism and differentiated vascular bundle phenotypes. The ATHB25/REM7 induced the expression of genes controlling shoot stem characteristics by ectopic expression in roots. Intriguingly, the restoration of root growth was seen in the consecutive and adjacent parts of the SSOs under gene induction conditions. Our findings thus provide insights into the development and regeneration of plant shoot stems.
