Molecular typing of RhD-negative blood donors with C and/or E antigen

Abstract

Background: Most people are either RhD positive or RhD negative, but there is also a number of persons with D antigen variants. The aim of this study was to prove, by using molecular diagnostic tests, whether the RHD gene and D antigen on the red cell membrane of the blood donors serologically typed as RhD-negative with RhD phenotype Ccddee and ccddEe, are so weak that they cannot be proven by serology techniques or the available anti-D test serums. Methods: Samples used are those of regular voluntary donors who were serotyped as RhD-negative, C and/or E positive. Samples were collected from voluntary donors at the Institute for Transfusion Medicine of the Republic of Srpska during the period from April 2016 to December 2018. Results: Among the serologically proven RhD-negative donors, 346 had C and/or E in their phenotype and those were subjected to molecular screening test. Conclusion: The first results of molecular typing match those published in literature, i.e. the RHD gene is present in some serologically RhD-negative forms, which was proven by molecular testing.

Keywords

• rh system
• d antigen
• weak d
• partial d
• antigens
• blood donors
• phenotype