Cytotoxic effect of silver nanoparticles synthesized from ethanolic extract of Allium sativum on A549 lung cancer cell line

Abstract

Objectives: The present study was aimed to synthesize Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) from ethanol extract of Allium sativum to evaluate the in-vitro cytotoxicity effect on human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549). Methods: Spetroscopic analysis were performed to determine the formation, stability, nature and the functional groups of the Ag NPs. Microscopic analysis were performed to ascertain the morphology and size of the particles. In-vitro MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay was performed to determine the cytotoxic potential of the Ag NPs on A549 lung cancer cell lines. Results: The UV–Visble spectrum confirmed the formation of the particles. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrum revealed the presence of carbonyl, carboxyl, primary and secondary amine groups. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) established the crystalline nature and FCC structure of Ag NPs. Morphological analysis performed using Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) pattern showed spherical and rod shaped bio synthesized Ag NPs with variable size ranging from 20 nm to 40 nm. The synthesized Ag NPs showed a significant cytotoxic potential against A549 human lung cancer cells at an IC50 of 22 μg/ml. Conclusion: The present study revealed a cost-effective, simple and effective method to synthesize Ag NPs using garlic extract and the cytotoxic activity on human adenocarcinoma cells (A549) demonstrated their future application as potential anti-cancer agent.

Keywords

• Green synthesis
• Nanoparticles
• Allium sativum
• Cytotoxic activity
• Human lung adenocarcinoma
• A549 cells