Biology (Jun 2022)

Molecular Mechanisms and Key Processes in Interstitial, Hemorrhagic and Radiation Cystitis

  • Clément Brossard,
  • Anne-Charlotte Lefranc,
  • Anne-Laure Pouliet,
  • Jean-Marc Simon,
  • Marc Benderitter,
  • Fabien Milliat,
  • Alain Chapel

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070972
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11, no. 7
p. 972

Abstract

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Cystitis is a bladder disease with a high rate of prevalence in the world population. This report focuses on Interstitial Cystitis (IC), Hemorrhagic Cystitis (HC) and Chronic Radiation Cystitis. These pathologies have different etiologies, but they share common symptoms, for instance, pain, bleeding, and a contracted bladder. Overall, treatments are quite similar for abacterial cystitis, and include bladder epithelium protective or anti-inflammatory agents, alleviating pain and reducing bleeding. This review summarizes the mechanisms that the pathologies have in common, for instance, bladder dysfunction and inflammation. Conversely, some mechanisms have been described as present in only one pathology, such as neural regulation. Based on these specificities, we propose identifying a mechanism that could be common to all the above-mentioned pathologies.

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