Pakistan Journal of Medical Research (Jan 2023)
To Assess the Frequency and Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Adult Population of District Peshawar Pakistan
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Pakistan is 17.1% reported in National survey conducted in 2017-2018 exposing the people to high risk of complications. Objective: To find frequency of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its risk factors, in adults >30 years of district Peshawar and to identify risk factors. Study type, settings & duration: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 04 areas of district Peshawar (Palosi Village, Hayatabad, Tehkal and Shaheen Town) from January 2019 to December 2019. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used to survey adult population (aged 30+ years) of district Peshawar. Data was collected from Tehkal, Shaheen town, Palosi and Hayatabad. Random blood sugar of 123 participants was checked through digital glucometer. Weight and height of participants were checked for BMI calculation. Questions were asked from participants to find risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: The frequency of type 2 diabetes mellitus was found to be 13.0%. Among 123 participants, 13 were pre diabetic, 16 diabetic and 94 people were non-diabetic. The result showed that frequency of type 2 diabetes increased with age, 62.5% of diabetic people were above 50 years. Results also showed positive relation of BMI with the diabetes, 87.5% of diabetic people had BMI more than 25. 62.5% diabetic people had positive family history. Hypertension had positive influence on type 2 diabetes mellitus, 56.25% people among diabetics were hypertensive. Among diabetics, about 60% were male and 40% were females. Physical inactivity had positive relation with type 2 diabetes, 62% of diabetic had no physical activity. Conclusion: We found some other factors which also affected type 2 diabetes mellitus, like sedentary life style, taking mixed meal and polycystic ovary syndrome. The study results also showed no difference in DM prevalence if someone is on medications for other diseases.
