Association of time in range with cognitive impairment in middle-aged type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract

Abstract Objective This study investigated the association of Time In Range (TIR) obtained from Blood Glucose Monitoring (BGM) with Cognitive Impairment (CI) inpatients with middle-aged Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and further explored whether a TIR goal for T2DM in adults with > 70% possess a protective effect on cognitive function. Research design and methods A total of 274 inpatients with T2DM aged 40–64 years, who underwent seven-point BGM ( pre meals and 120 min post meals and at bedtime) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. TIR was defined as the percentage of blood glucose within the target range of 3.9-10.0mmol/L. Subjects were divided into Normal Cognitive Function (NCF) (n = 160) and CI (n = 114) groups according to the results of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The association of TIR and other glycemic metrics, calculated from seven-point BGM data, with cognitive dysfunction was analyzed. Results The prevalence of CI was 41.6% in patients with middle-aged T2DM (median age 58 years). TIR was lower in CI group than in NCF group (28.6% vs. 42.9%, P = 0.004). The prevalence of CI decreased with ascending tertiles of TIR (p for trend 70% probably possessed independent protective effect on cognitive function (OR = 0.25, p = 0.001) after controlling for confounders above. Conclusions TIR obtained from BGM was related to CI in middle-aged T2DM individuals and a TIR goal of > 70% probably possessed a protective effect on cognitive function for middle-aged T2DM .

Keywords

• Time in range (TIR)
• Cognitive impairment (CI)
• Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
• Blood glucose monitoring (BGM)