<i>Acacia catechu</i> (L.f.) Willd.: A Review on Bioactive Compounds and Their Health Promoting Functionalities
Monika Kumari,
Radha,
Manoj Kumar,
Baohong Zhang,
Ryszard Amarowicz,
Sunil Puri,
Ashok Pundir,
Sonia Rathour,
Neeraj Kumari,
Deepak Chandran,
Abhijit Dey,
Niharika Sharma,
Sureshkumar Rajalingam,
Pran Mohankumar,
Surinder Sandhu,
Nutan Pant,
Raja Priya Ravichandran,
Marimuthu Subramani,
Kunjammal Pandi,
Muthamilselvan Muthukumar,
Gokhan Zengin,
Mohamed Mekhemar,
Jose M. Lorenzo
Affiliations
Monika Kumari
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Radha
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Manoj Kumar
Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
Baohong Zhang
Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
Ryszard Amarowicz
Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
Sunil Puri
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Ashok Pundir
School of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Sonia Rathour
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Neeraj Kumari
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Deepak Chandran
Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
Abhijit Dey
Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, India
Niharika Sharma
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Sureshkumar Rajalingam
Department of Agronomy, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
Pran Mohankumar
School of Agricultural Sciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore 641114, India
Surinder Sandhu
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
Nutan Pant
Department of Botany, Doon College of Agriculture, Science and Technology, Camp Road, Selaqui, Dehradun 248011, India
Raja Priya Ravichandran
Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
Marimuthu Subramani
Department of Agronomy, SRM College of Agricultural Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu 603201, India
Kunjammal Pandi
Department of Agronomy, S. Thangapazham Agricultural College, Vasudevanallur, Tenkasi 627760, India
Muthamilselvan Muthukumar
Department of Agricultural Entomology, SRM College of Agricultural Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu 603201, India
Gokhan Zengin
Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey
Mohamed Mekhemar
Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian-Albrecht’s University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Jose M. Lorenzo
Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia n◦ 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
With the advent of pandemics and infectious diseases, numerous research activities on natural products have been carried out to combat them. Researchers are investigating natural products for the treatment and/or management of various infectious diseases and/or disorders. Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd. belongs to the family Fabaceae (subfamily Mimosoideae) known as Khair or Cutch tree, possesses diverse pharmacological actions, and has been widely used in Asia and different parts of the world. The purpose of the present study is to highlight the phytochemical profile of different parts of A. catechu, the different biological activities of A. catechu extract, and the utilization of A. catechu as food and beverage. The present work constitutes a review of A. catechu; we performed searches (books, Google, Google Scholar, and Scopus publications) to compile the work/investigations made on A. catechu to the present. From our survey, it was concluded that the main phytochemicals compounds in A. catechu are protocatechuic acid, taxifolin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, catechin, epicatechin gallate, procyanidin, phloroglucin, aldobiuronic acid, gallic acid, D-galactose, afzelchin gum, L-arabinose, D-rhamnose, and quercetin. The whole plant of A. catechu possesses a comprehensive variety of medicinal potentials such as antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, antinociceptive, antihyperlipidemic, antiulcer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiproliferative, haemolytic, and anti-inflammatory properties due to the presence of bioactive compounds like flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. However, even though the plant’s metabolites were reported to have many different pharmacological uses, there is limited information about their toxicity or clinical trials. Further research on diverse metabolites of A. catechu should be carried out to ensure the safety or utilization of this plant in the pharma or food industries and in the development of potent plant-based drugs.
