Instruments (Sep 2022)
Photodiode Read-Out System for the Calorimeter of the Herd Experiment
- Pietro Betti,
- Oscar Adriani,
- Matias Antonelli,
- Yonglin Bai,
- Xiaohong Bai,
- Tianwei Bao,
- Eugenio Berti,
- Lorenzo Bonechi,
- Massimo Bongi,
- Valter Bonvicini,
- Sergio Bottai,
- Weiwei Cao,
- Jorge Casaus,
- Zhen Chen,
- Xingzhu Cui,
- Raffaello D’Alessandro,
- Sebastiano Detti,
- Yongwei Dong,
- Noemi Finetti,
- Valerio Formato,
- Miguel Angel Velasco Frutos,
- Jiarui Gao,
- Xiaozhen Liang,
- Ran Li,
- Xin Liu,
- Linwei Lyu,
- Gustavo Martinez,
- Nicola Mori,
- Jesus Marin Munoz,
- Lorenzo Pacini,
- Paolo Papini,
- Cecilia Pizzolotto,
- Zheng Quan,
- JunJun Qin,
- Dalian Shi,
- Oleksandr Starodubtsev,
- Zhicheng Tang,
- Alessio Tiberio,
- Valerio Vagelli,
- Elena Vannuccini,
- Bo Wang,
- Junjing Wang,
- Le Wang,
- Ruijie Wang,
- Gianluigi Zampa,
- Nicola Zampa,
- Zhigang Wang,
- Ming Xu,
- Li Zhang,
- Jinkun Zheng
Affiliations
- Pietro Betti
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Oscar Adriani
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Matias Antonelli
- INFN Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Yonglin Bai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Xiaohong Bai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Tianwei Bao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Eugenio Berti
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Lorenzo Bonechi
- INFN Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Massimo Bongi
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Valter Bonvicini
- INFN Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Sergio Bottai
- INFN Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Weiwei Cao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Jorge Casaus
- CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Zhen Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Xingzhu Cui
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Raffaello D’Alessandro
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Sebastiano Detti
- INFN Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Yongwei Dong
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Noemi Finetti
- INFN Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Valerio Formato
- INFN—Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Miguel Angel Velasco Frutos
- CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Jiarui Gao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Xiaozhen Liang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Ran Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Xin Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Linwei Lyu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Gustavo Martinez
- CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Nicola Mori
- INFN Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Jesus Marin Munoz
- CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Lorenzo Pacini
- INFN Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Paolo Papini
- INFN Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Cecilia Pizzolotto
- INFN Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Zheng Quan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- JunJun Qin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Dalian Shi
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Oleksandr Starodubtsev
- INFN Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Zhicheng Tang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Alessio Tiberio
- INFN Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Valerio Vagelli
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Elena Vannuccini
- INFN Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Bo Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Junjing Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Le Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Ruijie Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Gianluigi Zampa
- INFN Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Nicola Zampa
- INFN Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Zhigang Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Ming Xu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Li Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Jinkun Zheng
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/instruments6030033
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 6,
no. 3
p. 33
Abstract
HERD is a future experiment for the direct detection of high energy cosmic rays. The instrument is based on a calorimeter optimized not only for a good energy resolution but also for a large acceptance. Each crystal composing the calorimeter is equipped with two read-out systems: one based on wavelength-shifting fibers and the other based on two photodiodes with different active areas assembled in a monolithic package. In this paper, we describe the photodiode read-out system, focusing on experimental requirements, design and estimated performances. Finally, we show how these features lead to the flight model project of the photodiode read-out system.
Keywords
- cosmic rays
- calorimeters
- space instrumentation
- large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics