A Comparative Study of Liability Resulting from Future Loss in Jurisprudence and Law of Iran with France

Abstract

Undoubtedly, the purpose of establishing the rules of civil liability is to compensate for the loss. In other words and from a technical point of view, a loss must be caused to compensate for it, responsibility should be created, and religion should be responsible. In fact, the occurrence and survival of civil liability depend on the current existence of damage, and quantity and quality are not involved in the principle of liability. In other words, the rule governing civil liability is the rule of all or nothing. That is, the responsibility is considered to exist when the loss is realized, and to be extinguished when it is not. Meanwhile, taking into account one of the conditions of claimable loss, which must be certain in the past and that one cannot be sentenced to compensation based on the mere possibility of loss, this research seeks to find an answer to this question: Considering Iran’s and France’s laws and regulations and through the prevention of civil liability, it is possible to imagine a place for future loss and the possibility of compensation? The findings of this research indicate that a possible loss is a loss that has the possibility of its realization in the future, but a future loss is a loss whose existence and realization in the future are certain and the necessity of its existence has been achieved in such a way that a country’s custom and law consider such losses to be definitely claimable.

Keywords

• future loss
• civil liability
• jurisprudence rule
• judicial procedure
• non-profit