Recent Progress of Floating-Zone Techniques for Bulk Single-Crystal Growth

Abstract

This review describes the recent progress of floating-zone techniques for bulk single-crystal growth. The most crucial point of the crucible-free technique is to keep the molten zone stable. It has been investigated and reported to yield a steeper temperature gradient at the liquid–solid interface along the growth direction and a homogeneous molten liquid along the rotation axis. This article overviews several recent achievements starting from the conventional setup, particularly for lamps equipped in horizontal or vertical configurations, tilting mirrors, shielding the irradiation, and filament sizes for the optical-lamp floating-zone furnaces. Also, the recently advancing laser-heated floating-zone furnaces are described. Throughout the article, the author emphasizes that the floating-zone technique has been a powerful tool for crystal growth since the 1950s with its roots in the zone-melting method, and it has still been advancing for further materials’ growth such as quantum materials with modern scientific concepts.

Keywords

• single-crystal growth
• floating-zone technique
• optical lamps irradiation
• laser emission