Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
Jinghui Fan
Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
Yan Li
Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
Shuang Liang
Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9093, USA
Shanshan Huo
Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
Xing Wang
Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
Yuzhu Zuo
Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
Dan Cui
Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
Wenyan Li
Department of Biology, School of Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
Zhenyu Zhong
Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9093, USA
Fei Zhong
Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is an important pathogen causing reproductive failure in pigs. PPV-induced cell apoptosis has been recently identified as being involved in PPV-induced placental tissue damages resulting in reproductive failure. However, the molecular mechanism was not fully elucidated. Here we demonstrate that PPV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) can induce host cell apoptosis and death, thereby indicating the NS1 may play a crucial role in PPV-induced placental tissue damages and reproductive failure. We have found that NS1-induced apoptosis was significantly inhibited by caspase 9 inhibitor, but not caspase 8 inhibitor, and transfection of NS1 gene into PK-15 cells significantly inhibited mitochondria-associated antiapoptotic molecules Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 expressions and enhanced proapoptotic molecules Bax, P21, and P53 expressions, suggesting that NS1-induced apoptosis is mainly through the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptosis pathway. We also found that both PPV infection and NS1 vector transfection could cause host DNA damage resulting in cell cycle arrest at the G1 and G2 phases, trigger mitochondrial ROS accumulation resulting in mitochondria damage, and therefore, induce the host cell apoptosis. This study provides a molecular basis for elucidating PPV-induced cell apoptosis and reproductive failure.
