Recent Advances in Strategies for Addressing Hypoxia in Tumor Photodynamic Therapy
Liang Hong,
Jiangmin Li,
Yali Luo,
Tao Guo,
Chenshuang Zhang,
Sha Ou,
Yaohang Long,
Zuquan Hu
Affiliations
Liang Hong
Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
Jiangmin Li
Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
Yali Luo
Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
Tao Guo
Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
Chenshuang Zhang
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Sha Ou
Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
Yaohang Long
Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
Zuquan Hu
Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality that uses light to target tumors and minimize damage to normal tissues. It offers advantages including high spatiotemporal selectivity, low side effects, and maximal preservation of tissue functions. However, the PDT efficiency is severely impeded by the hypoxic feature of tumors. Moreover, hypoxia may promote tumor metastasis and tumor resistance to multiple therapies. Therefore, addressing tumor hypoxia to improve PDT efficacy has been the focus of antitumor treatment, and research on this theme is continuously emerging. In this review, we summarize state-of-the-art advances in strategies for overcoming hypoxia in tumor PDTs, categorizing them into oxygen-independent phototherapy, oxygen-economizing PDT, and oxygen-supplementing PDT. Moreover, we highlight strategies possessing intriguing advantages such as exceedingly high PDT efficiency and high novelty, analyze the strengths and shortcomings of different methods, and envision the opportunities and challenges for future research.
