Significance of heat passage in four-phase Oldroyd-B nanofluid with solar thermal radiations through a cone: A study of entropy analysis

Abstract

The studies of non-Newtonian fluids are extremely important because of their unlimited and extensive usage and applications in different mechanisms and processes. The current work carried out the visualization of thermal energy in the Oldroyd-B fluid model by inserting different types of nanoparticles, which are used to promote thermal performance. The flow is assumed to be passed through a cone with electro-magneto-hydrodynamic effect and thermal radiation and exponential external heat source. The modeled problem appears in the form of coupled nonlinear PDEs, which are transformed into corresponding ODEs by engaging the appropriate transformation. The solution of these transformed equations is calculated by using the finite element procedure. The utilization of tetra-hybrid nanoparticles improves the thermal performance and it is recorded that by inserting these particles fluid temperature increases significantly. It is worth mentioning that a finite element scheme is an authentic procedure to tackle highly nonlinear problems. The influence of multiple parameters such as M, E*, γ1,γ2 are examined and discussed in detail across the velocity profile whilst parameters behavior namely M,Ec,E* and Qs is observed graphically across the temperature profile. It was noticed through computed results that the velocity profile depicts enhanced behavior for E*, γ1,γ2 whereas, it illustrates reduced demeanor. Moreover, the Temperature profile illustrates accelerated behavior for M,Ec,E* and Qs. Moreover, skin friction and Nusselt number impact under distinct parameters are also presented graphically and show excellent agreement.

Keywords

• Solar thermal radiation
• EMHD flow
• Tetra-hybrid nanoparticles
• Thermal proprieties
• Cone
• Oldroyd-B fluid