Epidemiology and Evolution of Emerging Porcine Circovirus-like Viruses in Pigs with Hemorrhagic Dysentery and Diarrhea Symptoms in Central China from 2018 to 2021
Kankan Yang,
Menghuan Zhang,
Qi Liu,
Yingli Cao,
Wuyin Zhang,
Yueqiao Liang,
Xiangjun Song,
Kaiyuan Ji,
Ying Shao,
Kezong Qi,
Jian Tu
Affiliations
Kankan Yang
Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Menghuan Zhang
Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Qi Liu
Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Yingli Cao
Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Wuyin Zhang
Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Yueqiao Liang
Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Xiangjun Song
Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Kaiyuan Ji
Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Ying Shao
Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Kezong Qi
Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Jian Tu
Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Porcine circovirus-like virus (PCLV) is a type of circular Rep-encoding single-stranded DNA virus and may be associated with the development of diarrheal symptoms in pigs. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed three years of past cases in Anhui, China, and reported a case of hemorrhagic enteritis and death in a pregnant sow possibly caused by PCLV. In addition, we analyzed the evolutionary characteristics of PCLV and found that mutation, recombination and selective pressure all played an important role in the evolution of PCLV. We identified N15D and T17S as well as L56T, T58R, K59Q, M62R, L75I and R190K mutations in two different branches, and we noted recombination events in the Rep of a group of Chinese strains. Analysis of selection pressure revealed that PCLV gained more positive selection, indicating that the virus is in a continuous evolutionary state. The PR2 plot, ENC-plot and neutrality analysis showed a greater role of natural selection than that of mutational pressure in the formation of codon usage patterns. This study is the first to identify PCLV in sows with hemorrhagic dysentery and death, and it provides new epidemiological information on PCLV infection in pigs in China.
