Microbial Phenolic Metabolites in Urine Are Inversely Linked to Certain Features of Metabolic Syndrome in Spanish Adolescents
Emily P. Laveriano-Santos,
Paola Quifer-Rada,
María Marhuenda-Muñoz,
Camila Arancibia-Riveros,
Anna Vallverdú-Queralt,
Anna Tresserra-Rimbau,
Ana María Ruiz-León,
Rosa Casas,
Ramon Estruch,
Patricia Bodega,
Mercedes de Miguel,
Amaya de Cos-Gandoy,
Jesús Martínez-Gómez,
Gloria Santos-Beneit,
Juan M. Fernández-Alvira,
Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez,
Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós
Affiliations
Emily P. Laveriano-Santos
Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Paola Quifer-Rada
LactApp Women Health, 08011 Barcelona, Spain
María Marhuenda-Muñoz
Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Camila Arancibia-Riveros
Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Ana María Ruiz-León
Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Rosa Casas
Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Ramon Estruch
Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Patricia Bodega
Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), 08008 Barcelona, Spain
Mercedes de Miguel
Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), 08008 Barcelona, Spain
Amaya de Cos-Gandoy
Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), 08008 Barcelona, Spain
Jesús Martínez-Gómez
Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Gloria Santos-Beneit
Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), 08008 Barcelona, Spain
Juan M. Fernández-Alvira
Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez
Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós
Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
(1) Background: To explore the association between microbial phenolic metabolites (MPM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its clinical features in adolescents aged 12.02 ± 0.41 years. (2) Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in 560 participants at baseline in the SI! Program for Secondary Schools trial. The following MPM, coumaric acids (m-, o-, p-coumaric acids), dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid, dihydroresveratrol, enterolignans, gallic acid, hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxyphenylacetic acid, hydroxytyrosol, protocatechuic acid, syringic acid, urolithins (A, B), and vanillic acid, were analyzed by HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-HRMS. MetS and its clinical features were defined in accordance with the International Diabetes Federation. (3) Results: Out of all MPM, urolithin A was inversely associated with the diastolic blood pressure z-score. Urolithin B was inversely associated with the MetS score and waist circumference z-score. Additionally, higher levels of gallic acid were associated with lower odds of presenting MetS (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.77; 0.93) and abdominal obesity (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.89; 0.98). Higher urolithin B levels were inversely associated with abdominal obesity (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89; 0.98) and high blood glucose (OR = 0.92, 95% CI:0.88; 0.96); (4) Conclusions: gallic acid, urolithin A and B were associated with lower odds of presenting MetS or some of its clinical features in adolescents. This is the first study that evaluates several MPM with MetS in adolescents, highlighting the importance of MPM on cardiometabolic health at early life stages.