ANÁLISIS DEL ÍNDICE ACADÉMICO Y DE LA CALIDAD DEL EXAMEN ESTATAL BAJO DOS PLANES DE ESTUDIO

Abstract

El Examen Estatal es una de las forma de culminación de estudio en la Carrera Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, aplicado desde el curso escolar 1982-1983 y surgió como resultado del perfeccionamiento continúo de los planes y programas en el Ministerio de Educación Superior Cubano, requiriéndose de métodos estadísticos para evaluar su calidad, considerando el índice académico de los estudiantes. La investigación se desarrolló en la Universidad de Granma, con una muestra de cinco cohortes del plan de estudio “C” perfeccionado y una del plan “D” con 553 estudiantes. Se determinaron las medias de la calidad de las calificaciones de los exámenes estatales y del índice académico. Los datos se obtuvieron de los registros de calificaciones que custodia la secretaría docente de la facultad. Para el análisis estadístico del índice académico de cada cohorte se utilizó la comparación de medias y la calidad se evaluó a través de Ji-cuadrada, el nivel de significación se estableció para , ambas pruebas se desarrollaron en el sistema estadístico Stagraphics Plus versión 5.1. El promedio general del índice académico fue 4,07, los graduados en el curso 2004-2005 mostraron resultados significativamente superiores en este indicador. Las cohortes de los graduados en los cursos 2004-2005 y 2011-2012 obtuvieron los valores de calidad más altos del Examen Estatal, correspondientes a los planes de estudio “C” perfeccionado y “D” respectivamente, siendo superior el último, sin diferencia significativa entre ellos. Se concluye que las cohortes investigadas reflejan buenos resultados en los índices académicos y en la calidad del Examen Estatal. PALABRAS CLAVE: Examen Estatal; culminación de estudio; calidad; Medicina Veterinaria. ANALYSIS OF THE AVERAGE GRADE AND THE QUALITY OF THE STATE OWNED EXAM OF THE STUDENT'S GRADUATES DURING TWO STUDIES'S PLAN ABSTRACT The state examination is the form of culmination of study in the career Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, that it is applied from 1982-1983 and it springs up as a result of the perfecting it continues of the plains and programs in the Superior Ministry of Education. The investigation develops in Veterinary Medicine´s career at Granma´s University. With five cohorts´s sign of the curriculum perfected “C” and one of the plan “D” with 553 students. It was determined the median of the quality of the grades of the Statal Exams and the average grade. The data got from the records of the Teaching Secretary´s office of the Faculty. The 40 % of the students graduated in the last edition had an interview in order to know the satisfaction with the procedure of the exercise of the culmination of the study. A graphic analysis of medians was utilized for statistical analysis and the quality was evaluated through Ji´s test squared, the level of significance became established for p<0, 05, both test were developed in the system of the statistical analysis Stagraphics Plus version 5.1. The academic index mediates of 4, 07 and the graduates in the course 2004-2005 showed significantly superior results in this indicator. The cohorts graduated in the courses 2004-2005 and 2011 – 2012 achieved the more high results in the quality of the state examination and they correspond to the plain of the study “C” and “D” respectively, by being superior the last one, without significant difference among them. It concludes that the application of the plain “D” perfecting still has not represented significant changes in the behavior of the academic index and the quality of the State Examination. The average index of 4.07 reflects good proven to be academic in the exercise of the culmination of studies, this indicator does not differ significantly from the median, except at the course 04-05, that sign better proven to be significantly different. Better results of quality get in the graduate students of the course 04-05, Plan perfected “C” , and the graduate students of the course 2011-2012, Plan “D” , superior in this last, although does not differ significantly. It is been understood that the investigated cohorts gave good results in the rate academic of graduates and in the quality of the State-owned exam. KEYWORDS: State-owned exam; culmination of study; quality; Veterinary Medicine.