Efficacy of enzalutamide in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive and castration-refractory prostate cancer: authors’ experience

Abstract

Prostate cancer is one of the most common neoplasms in men. It currently ranks second in Russian Federation amongst male population in overall number of cases after only lung cancer and third in cancer mortality. Prostate cancer is rarely diagnosed in patients younger than 40 years old, with overage age of diagnosis being between 50 and 70 years. A lot of different new treatment options were developed in the last decade for patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mPC). Despite androgen-deprivation remaining the standard of therapy, it has been proven that the addition of cytotoxic and hormonal drugs of new generation improves overall survival of patients with castration-sensitive and castration-resistant metastatic disease. Recently, enzalutamide became the new standard of care not only in castration-resistant mPC, but also in the setting of metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer, due to the data acquired in two large randomized trials ARCHES and ENZAMET. This article provides clinical examples demonstrating the effectiveness of enzalutamide in various forms of prostate cancer. In the first clinical case enzalutamide was used in the treatment of castration-sensitive mPC. Currently, patient continues to receive this therapy with progression-free interval exceeding 11 months. In the second clinical case, enzalutamide has shown its efficacy in the setting of castration-resistant PC. Stable disease was achieved and as of right now patient has shown no signs of progression for 9 months, which is already a significantly better result in comparison with previous lines of treatment.

Keywords

• enzalutamide
• efficiacy
• hormone therapy
• metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer
• metastatic castrationresistant prostate cancer