A general introduction to lithium-ion batteries: From the first concept to the top six commercials and beyond

Abstract

The birth of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is not a breakthrough scientific discovery overnight but a successor and continuous development of scientists for a long time based on the previous generation of electrochemical batteries. The development of LIBs and succeeding generations of batteries, however, is highly hopeful given the broad commercialization of LIBs during the previous ten years. Intensified research is required to create next-generation LIBs with drastically better performance, including enhanced energy density, charging rate, lifespan, stability, and safety, in order to fulfill the rising demand for energy storage. Research into LIBs and next-generation is currently in an explosive phase with the goal of overcoming the significant challenge posed by conventional LIBs that can keep up with the rapidly evolving needs of the electronics, mechanical, and automation industries, particularly electric vehicles. In this case, this tutorial review might offer a broad overview of LIBs as well as an optimistic look toward the upcoming generation.

Keywords

• Energy storage
• secondary batteries
• cathode
• anode
• electrochemistry