Economic Analysis of Food Security of Wheat Crop in Egypt

Abstract

This research aims to study the food security situation of the wheat crop in Egypt by studying production and economic indicators and shedding light on the current food security situation of the wheat crop in Egypt, besides studying the development of the area of​​reclaimed land and the relative importance of the ​​wheat area from the cropped area of ​​the reclaimed land and identifying the geographical distribution of Egyptian wheat imports. Moreover, estimate the food security indicators of wheat crop such as the percentage of dependence on abroad, daily consumption, production sufficiency period for consumption, the import coverage period for consumption, the strategic stock and food security factor. The results showed that the wheat food gap increased from about 5.2 to about 12.9 million tons over the period (2005-2020), despite the increase in wheat area from about 2.9 to about 3.2 million feddans, and the increase in agricultural prices from about 1120 to about 4533 pounds/ton and the average per capita share of wheat decreased from about 177.7 to about 156.1 kg/year, due to the decrease in the acre productivity of wheat from about 2.73 to about 2.71 tons/acre and the consumption rate of wheat increased five times the rate of increase of total production, with the rate of increase of consumption and production reaching about 65.33% and 11.80%, respectively.

Keywords

• food security
• strategic stock
• production
• consumption
• wheat crop