Correlation of blood sugar and lipid profile with first, second and third trimester of pregnancy

Abstract

Background and objective: Many physiological, hematological, biochemical and metabolic changes can be associated with pregnancy. Changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism occur during pregnancy to ensure a continuous supply of nutrients to the growing fetus. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of duration of pregnancy in term of trimester on glucose and lipid metabolism. Methods: This study was cross – sectional study comprised 62 women. The study population was classified into four groups, non-pregnant (14), first trimester (16), second trimester (16) and third trimester (16). The resulting Sera were analyzed at the same day of sampling for the determination of FBS and serum lipid profile in DNA medical lab. All data are expressed as mean ± SD. Differences between mean levels of fasting blood sugar and lipid profile of the four groups were evaluated statistically using students’ t-test. A value of P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean of BMI, FBS, TG, TC and LDL in the 3rd trimester pregnant group were significantly higher than non-pregnant group (P = 0.002), (P = 0.025), (P <0.001), (P = 0.021) and (P = 0.034) respectively. Mean of TG in the 3rd trimester group was significantly higher than that in 1st and 2nd trimester groups (P <0.001) respectively. Conclusion: Lipid profile and blood glucose is variable during each trimester of a normal pregnancy. Total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol increased in both second and third trimester. The estimation of lipid profile is highly recommended during pregnancy.

Keywords

• maternal lipid profile
• gestational diabetes mellitus