Rapid analysis to distinguish porcine and bovine gelatin using PANI/NiO nanoparticles modified Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) sensor
Fredy Kurniawan,
Ari Nugroho,
Rangga Aji Baskara,
Lourentia Candle,
Diwasasri Pradini,
Kartika A. Madurani,
Raden Djarot Sugiarso,
Hendro Juwono
Affiliations
Fredy Kurniawan
Laboratory of Instrumentation and Analytical Sciences, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia; ITS Halal Center, Institute of Research and Community Service, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia; Corresponding author.
Ari Nugroho
Laboratory of Instrumentation and Analytical Sciences, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
Rangga Aji Baskara
Laboratory of Instrumentation and Analytical Sciences, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
Lourentia Candle
Laboratory of Instrumentation and Analytical Sciences, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
Diwasasri Pradini
Laboratory of Instrumentation and Analytical Sciences, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
Kartika A. Madurani
Laboratory of Instrumentation and Analytical Sciences, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
Raden Djarot Sugiarso
Laboratory of Instrumentation and Analytical Sciences, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
Hendro Juwono
Laboratory of Instrumentation and Analytical Sciences, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
Rapid analysis to distinguish porcine and bovine gelatin using a modified Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) sensor has been studied. The PANI was deposited on the sensor surface using electropolymerization, and then nickel nanoparticles were deposited by layer by layer (LbL) technique. The modified QCM sensor's performance was compared to an unmodified sensor in porcine and bovine gelatin at neutral, acidic, and alkaline conditions. The result shows that the unmodified sensor cannot distinguish between porcine and bovine gelatin, whereas the modified QCM sensor produces a different response. Porcine gelatin shows an increasing frequency response, but in contrast, bovine gelatin decreases frequency response at the alkaline condition. The time response was 2 min with a detection limit of 51.2 ppm and 8.7 ppm for porcine and bovine gelatin, respectively. Further investigation shows that the modified sensor can analyze porcine gelatin contamination in the a mixed gelatin sample.
